贵州某地汉族学生手部5对性状的调查

目的 了解贵州某地汉族学生手部5对群体遗传学性状的分布特征及其相关关系.方法 采用群体遗传学常用方法,调查了贵州某地汉族学生384人（男105人,女279人）手部5对性状.采用SPSS 13.0统计软件包进行数据处理,性别间、群体间差异比较采用u检验,各特征间相关关系分析用χ2检验.结果 贵州某地汉族学生拇指类型、环食指长（男）、环食指长（女）、小指弯曲、利手4对性状的显性基因频率分别为0.3367、0.0641、0.0667、0.3852、0.8239,非方型和方型指甲形状的出现率分别为73.44%、26.56%.在相关性分析中,仅有拇指类型与环食指长、小指弯曲有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,其余性状组合的相关性差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）.结论 ①贵州某地汉族学生利手和指甲形状两对遗传性状存在性别差异.②各特征间相关性较小.③贵州某地汉族学生小指弯曲与其他民族群体存在区别.

An investigation of 5 genetic traits of students hands in Han Nationality in one area of Guizhou province

Objective To know the distributive characteristics and correlations of 5 genetic traits on students hands in Han nationality in one area of Guizhou province. Methods A ods of human population genetics, a survey of 5 genetic characters of students han ccording to the study meth- ds of Han nationality in 384 cases （males 105, females 279） was carried out in one area of Guizhou province, and then analyzed the collected data using SPSS13.0 software. U test was performed to compare the differences of populations and sexes, chisquare test was performed to analyze the correlations of each characteristics. Results The gene frequencies of four genetic traits on thumb style, length of ring and index finger （males）, length of ring and index finger （females）, little finger bending style, handedness of students hands were 0. 3367, 0. 0641, 0. 0667, 0. 3852, 0. 8239, respectively, the distributive rate of non-square type and square type on nail type were 73.44%and 26.56% in Han nationality in one area of Guizhou province. In the correlation analysis, there were statistical significances （ P 〈0.05 ） on thumb style and length of ring and index finger, and little finger bending style in students hands for Han nationality in one area of Guizhou province. There were not statistical significance （ P 〉0.05） on other correlations of combined traits. Conclusion ①There are sexual differences on genetic traits of handedness and nail style of students hands in Han nationality in one area of Ouizhou. ② There are few correlations on 5 genetic traits. ③ The characters of little finger bending style for students hands in Han nationality in one area of Ouizhou province differed from other nationalities.