中药注射剂致老年患者不良反应情况分析

了解中药注射剂在老年人群中的药品不良反应(ADR)发生情况,为临床用药提供参考.采用回顾性分析方法,对23096例中药注射剂致老年人不良反应病例,从性别、年龄、用药情况、严重程度、发生时间及ADR的主要表现、转归等多角度进行统计分析.结果表明,中药注射剂致老年人ADR占中药注射剂ADR总体的31.4％；中药注射剂引起的老年人ADR以全身性损害为主,占35％,其次是对皮肤及其附件的损害占25％,对心血管系统的损害占13.3％；活血类的中药注射剂引起老年人ADR例次最多,占46.8％,其次是清热类注射剂占23.3％和补益类注射剂占14.9％；刺五加注射液引起的ADR病例数最多,占10.3％.因此,对老年患者要合理使用中药注射剂,加强对中药注射剂不良反应的监测.

Adverse Reactions Analysis in Elderly Patients Caused by Traditional Chinese Medicine Injections

To provide a reference for clinical use of drugs by analyzingthe situation of traditional Chinese medicine injections (TCMIs) of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in the elderly population. By means of retrospective study, 23 096 ADRs case reports caused by TCMIs were analyzed by the gender, age, drug therapy status, serious degree, occurrence time, the main performance of ADRs and clinical outcome. The proportion of ADRs caused by TCMIs in the elderly population was 31.4% in total ADRs caused by TCMIs. The ADRs concerned body as a whole-general disorders, skin and appendages disorders and cardiovascular disorders were 35%, 25% and 13.3% in the ADRs caused by TCMIs in the elderly population. Different categories of TCMIs caused ADR in the elderly were respectively 46.8%, 23.3%, 14.9%, which was used for promoting blood circulation, reducing fever and compensation. The TCMIs should be used reasonably in the elderly patients; the postmarket survillance of the ADRs of TCMIs should be strengthened.