| Institution: | 1. Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario la Paz-IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain;2. CIBER de enfermedades respiratorias, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain;3. Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain;4. Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain;5. Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain;6. Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain;7. Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo, Grupo de Investigación NeumovigoI+i, IIS Galicia Sur, Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain;8. Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Costa del Sol, Marbella, Málaga, Spain;9. Unidad de Trasplante Pulmonar, Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain;10. Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain;11. Grupo de Medicina de Precisión en enfermedades crónicas, Departamento de Respiratorio, Hospital Universitario Arnau de Vilanova y Santa María, Departamento de Enfermería y Fisioterapia, Facultad de Enfermería y Fisioterapia, Universidad de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain;12. Servicio de Neumología, Instituto Clínico de Respiratorio, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain |
| Abstract: | In recent years, personalized or precision medicine has made effective inroads into the management of diseases, including respiratory diseases. The route to implementing this approach must invariably start with the identification and validation of biological biomarkers that are closely related to the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of respiratory patients. In this respect, biological biomarkers of greater or lesser reliability have been identified for most respiratory diseases and disease classes, and a large number of studies are being conducted in the search for new indicators. The aim of this review is to update the reader and to analyze the existing scientific literature on the existence and diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic validity of the most important biological biomarkers in the main respiratory diseases, and to identify future challenges in this area. |
