超声心动图评价肺动脉高压大鼠右心结构和功能的动态变化

目的 通过超声心动图无创性定量评价肺动脉高压大鼠右心结构和功能的变化,探讨早期评价右心功能的指标。方法 选取SD大鼠40只,随机分为5组,每组8只,分别标记为对照组和实验组(3周、4周、5周、6周亚组),对实验组大鼠腹部皮下注射野百合碱,分别于给药后3周、4周、5周、6周进行超声心动图检查,再进行右心导管测压。采用ECHOPAC工作站脱机分析,测量超声心动图数据,比较各组数据的差异。结果 实验组较对照组肺动脉压力升高,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。4周亚组右心室中间段内径、右心室面积变化率、右心室侧壁厚度、偏心指数、肺动脉瓣加速时间与射血时间比值以及5周亚组三尖瓣瓣环位移、右心房横径、右心房长径、右心房面积与对照组相比,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论 右心室中间段内径、右心室面积变化率、右心室侧壁厚度,偏心指数、肺动脉瓣加速时间与射血时间比值能较早反映大鼠肺动脉压力升高时右心室结构及功能的改变。

Evaluation of dynamic changing of the right heart structure and function in rats with pulmonary arterial hypertension by echocardiography

Objective To evaluate the right heart structure and function of rats with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) dynamically by noninvasive echocardiography, and to explore the indexes reflecting the changes of right heart function at early stages. Methods Forty male SD rats were randomly divided into five groups: The normal contrast group and four experimental groups (i.e. three-, four-, five- and six-week subgroups), with 8 rats in each group. The rats in the experimental groups were subjected to subcutaneous injection of monocrotaline. Echocardiographic scan were preformed in each group at the specified time. Then pulmonary arterial pressure was measured by right heart catheterization. Echocardiographic data of right heart were analyzed at the EchoPac workstation. Results Compared with the normal contrast group, pulmonary arterial pressure of the experimental group was significantly elevated (all P<0.05). Compared with the normal contrast group, right ventricular diameter, right ventricular fractional area change, right ventricular wall thickness, eccentricity index and the ratio of acceleration time and ejection time of the four-week subgroup were significantly changed (all P<0.05). Compared with the normal contrast group, tricuspidannular plane systolic excursion, right atrium transverse diameter, right atrium long diameter, right atrium area of the five-week subgroup were significantly changed (all P<0.05). Conclusion The remodeling and function of right ventricular in rats with PAH can be early detected and dynamically observed by echocardiography (i.e. right ventricular diameter, right ventricular fractional area change, right ventricular wall thickness, eccentricity index).