基于文本挖掘探讨中医外治法和食疗在糖尿病中应用规律

目的:利用文本挖掘技术探索糖尿病的中医外治法和食疗规律特点。方法:在中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)中收集有关糖尿病所有文献资料,建立Access数据库,采用基于敏感关键词频数统计数据分层算法,运用SQL软件对数据进行专业处理,并根据医学专业知识进行降噪,最终挖掘出糖尿病中医外治法以及食疗规律,并对挖掘出的数据进行一维频次解释及二维频次网络图展示,全面解析挖掘数据情况。结果:通过文本挖掘得出当前文献已有报道中糖尿病最常用中医外治法依次为针灸(频数为2 079),光疗(频数为1 237),中药外敷(频数为348),穴位注射(频数为327),按摩(频数为207),最常用的食疗对象依次是:三七(频数为446),山药(频数为262),柠檬(频数为234),枸杞子(频数为143)。结论:文本挖掘结果,选取高频数参与网络关系图构建,直接客观的反应临床应用现状。本研究通过文本挖掘以及回溯文献,并结合人工阅读降噪,从文献报道频数方面比较客观的总结糖尿病中医外治法和食疗规律,为中医临床医师诊治方案制定提供有益的探索与依据,并为临床其他疾病施治中如何选择最佳中医适宜技术提供了方法学参考,而对于糖尿病应用中医外治法和食疗具体作用机制、适应症状等方面,还值得进一步研究。

Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine External Therapy and Food Therapy on Diabetes Treatment

Objective: To explore the rules among external therapy and food therapy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in treating diabetes by applying text mining technology. Method: The relative literatures were collected from Sinomed database (CBM), and an Access database was established. The data was processed by SQL using frequency statistical method based on sensitive keywords hierarchical algorithm, and noise was manually removed according to the medical professional knowledge. The rules among external therapy and food therapy of TCM were deeply analysed and comprehensively displayed by the frequency of one-dimensional and two-dimensional network diagram. Result: The results showed that the most common external therapies of diabetes were acupuncture (frequency 2 079),phototherapy (frequency 1 237), external application with TCM (frequency 348), acupiont injection (frequency 327) and massage (frequency 207) in turn. The most common food therapies were followed by panax notoginseng (frequency 446), Chinese yam (frequency 262), lemon (frequency 234) and wolfberry (frequency 143). Conclusion: Text mining, together with artificial reading for anti-noising, is an useful approach in exploring the clinical rules of TCM in treating diabetes. However, its exact mechanism and certain indication in treating diabetes is worthy of further study.