丹蛭降糖胶囊对糖尿病大鼠肾脏足细胞的影响

目的:观察具有益气养阴活血作用的丹蛭降糖胶囊(DJC)对糖尿病大鼠肾脏足细胞的影响。方法:取大鼠55只,分为2组,除正常组外,其余组给予高脂饲料,按35 mg·kg-1给大鼠ip链脲佐菌素(STZ)溶液1次。造模成功后,再分为正常组,模型组,吡格列酮组(10 mg·kg-1),DJC高、低剂量组(1.08,0.54 g·kg-1)。除模型组和正常组外,药物组连续ig 8周。称取质量后处死大鼠,取大鼠肾脏、肾皮质,采用电子显微镜观察肾小球足细胞超微结构并观察肾脏病变程度,测定各组大鼠尿微量白蛋白(U-m Alb),血肌肝(SCr),肾重比。结果:模型组大鼠肾小球基底膜明显增厚,足突广泛融合甚至消失,足突裂孔数减少,基底膜内发现有电子致密物沉积,足细胞胞浆内线粒体明显减少,嵴有断裂部分,有空泡变性,并且有脂滴沉积;DJC高、低剂量组足细胞损伤较模型组明显减轻,基底膜增厚不明显,足突增宽、部分有融合,与正常组相近;吡格列酮组足细胞损伤较模型组明显减轻。肾脏病理报告显示,模型组毛细血管袢结构欠清,肾小球体积增大,肾小球内细胞数增加,系膜区明显增宽,基膜增厚,肾小球囊腔增大,呈空泡变性,肾间质血管增生,可见明显的炎细胞浸润。用药后DJC高、低组剂量组肾脏病变不显著,肾小球、肾小管结构清晰,高剂量组改变程度优于低剂量组。与模型组比较,DJC高、低剂量组U-m Alb显著降低(P<0.01),肾重比下降(P<0.01,P<0.01),SCr水平未见明显变化。结论:具有益气养阴活血作用的丹蛭降糖胶囊明显减轻了糖尿病大鼠的足细胞损伤,改善了肾脏病变程度,降低了U-m Alb,提示本方有保护肾功能的作用。

Effect of Danzhi Jiangtang Capsules on Kidney Podocyte in Diabetic Rat Model

Objective: To investigate the effect of Danzhi Jiangtang capsules (DJC) on kidney podocyte platelet in type 2 diabetes rat model. Method: Diabetes rat model were established using a high calorie diet and streptozotocin induction (intraperitoneal injection, 35 mg·kg^-1). Fifty-five rats were randomly divided into five groups;normal group, model group, high-and low-dose DJC group (1.08, 0.54 g·kg^-1), pioglitazone group (10 mg·kg^-1). The rats received intragastric administration of corresponding medicines for 8 weeks. The proportion of kidney, urine albumin and serum creatinine were measured, and the podocyte ultrastructure was observed by electron microscope. Result: Glomerular basement membrane was thickened, foot process was fused or even disappeared, foot processes hiatus were reduced, the electron dense deposited in the basement membrane and mitochondria in the cytoplasm of podocytes were significantly reduced, rupture of mitochondrial cristae, vacuolar degeneration and lipid droplets were found in model group. Injury of podocytes in high-and low-dose Danzhi groups was significantly less than that in the model group. Meanwhile, basement membrane thickening was not obvious, foot process was broadened even fused. The result was better in the high-dose DJC group than that in the pioglitazone group. Renal pathology report showed that model group had unclear capillary loops, increased glomerular volume and number, widened mesangial area, increased glomerular cyst cavity and vacuolar degeneration, vascular proliferation in renal interstitial and apparent inflammatory cell infiltration were found. It showed that the above changes had good improvement in high and low-dose DJC groups, and high-dose DJC group obtained better results. Morever, the level of urinary albumin and the proportion of kidneyweight were decreased in the all DJC groups (P<0.01), while serum creatinine has no change as compared with model group. Conclusion: DJC may have kidney protection effect which is contributed by reducing the injury of podocytes and the level of urine micro albumin in diabetic rats.