不同常用消毒剂对HIV消毒效果评价

目的观察各类常用消毒剂对人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)的消毒效果。方法采用核酸定量法及病毒细胞培养法,对存在于全血或血浆中的HIV进行消毒试验。结果核酸定量法试验结果,含有效氯3 000 mg/L含氯消毒剂作用5 min、有效碘含量为100 mg/L碘伏作用1 min、75%酒精作用1 min对血浆中的HIV灭活对数值>4.00,有效含量5 000 mg/L过氧乙酸作用20 min对全血及血浆中的HIV灭活对数值均≤2.00;对于存在于全血中的HIV含氯消毒剂的杀灭能力受到影响较大,碘伏类消毒剂也需增加较大剂量;病毒细胞培养法试验结果,有效氯100 mg/L含氯消毒剂作用3 min、有效含量100 mg/L过氧乙酸作用3 min、有效碘含量50 mg/L碘伏作用1 min、75%的酒精作用30 s、0.05%戊二醛作用5 min,对HIV的灭活对数值均>4.00。结论核酸定量法与病毒灭活试验结果差异较大,前者是反映病毒灭活的间接指标,可用于快速筛选试验;后者是反映病毒灭活的直接指标,可作为最终判定。

Evaluation on disinfection effect of conventional disinfectants on HIV

ObjectiveTo evaluate disinfection efficacy of conventional disinfectants against human immunodeficiency virus(HIV). MethodsTwo methods(nucleic acid quantification and cell culture)were used in testing of disinfectant against HIV in blood or plasma. ResultsThe nucleic acid quantification test showed that the log inactivation value for HIV in plasma exceeded 4.00 in the case of HIV exposed to available chlorine of 3 000 mg/L for 5 min,available iodine of 100 mg/L for 1 min or 75% alcohol for 1 min.But for the exposure of peracetic acid 5 000 mg/L for 1 min,the log inactivation value did not exceed 2.00.For the HIV in blood,the concentration of avaiailable chlorine and iodine should be increased for effective disinfection.The cell culture test showed that the log inactivation value exceeded 4.00 in case of HIV exposed to 100 mg/L available chlorine or peracetic acid for 3 min,available iodine 100 mg/L for 1 min,75% alcohol for 30 s,and 0.05% glutataldehyde for 5 min. ConclusionThere are differences in disinfection effect between the two methods.As an indirect indicator of inactivation,nucleic acid quantifecation could be used in the quick screening test while culture is a direct indicator which could be considered as the ultimate determination.