Amino acid transporters: Emerging roles in drug delivery for tumor-targeting therapy |
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Authors: | Chengguang Sui Ling Zhang Qiuhua Luo Wenhan Yang |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Biotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China;2. Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China;3. Department of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China |
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Abstract: | Amino acid transporters, which play a vital role in transporting amino acids for the biosynthesis of mammalian cells, are highly expressed in types of tumors. Increasing studies have shown the feasibility of amino acid transporters as a component of tumor-targeting therapy. In this review, we focus on tumor-related amino acid transporters and their potential use in tumor-targeting therapy. Firstly, the expression characteristics of amino acid transporters in cancer and their relationship with tumor growth are reviewed. Secondly, the recognition requirements are discussed, focusing on the “acid-base” properties, conformational isomerism and structural analogues. Finally, recent developments in amino acid transporter-targeting drug delivery strategies are highlighted, including prodrugs and nanocarriers, with special attention to the latest findings of molecular mechanisms and targeting efficiency of transporter-mediated endocytosis. We aim to offer related clues that might lead to valuable tumor-targeting strategies by the utilization of amino acid transporters. |
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Keywords: | AMINO acid TRANSPORTER TUMOR-TARGETING Drug delivery PRODRUG NANOCARRIERS |
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