扬州未婚人工流产青少年生殖健康调查与分析

目的通过调查扬州未婚人工流产青少年生殖健康状况，为针对性服务提供借鉴。方法选择2012年9月至2013年7月确诊妊娠并要求终止妊娠的未婚青少年。采用整体取样与随机抽样调查相结合。对这些青少年进行面对面匿名访谈及填写问卷表，完成有效调查问卷372份，并对结果进行质量控制和统计分析。结果2l～24岁人群是扬州未婚人工流产青少年的主体，农村患者超过60％，外来人口超过50％。学历较低，流动性较强．职业为农民、服务员及工人等低收入人群的生殖健康知识相对薄弱。大多数青少年性观念开放，愿意采取措施防止意外妊娠。但对意外妊娠风险认识较低，避孕意识和避孕知识的缺乏是导致非意愿妊娠的主要原因。在公立医院实施无痛人工流产术是扬州未婚人工流产青少年的首选。结论扬州未婚人工流产青少年生殖健康知识得分普遍不高。农村及外来流动人口，低收入、低学历的农民，服务员及工人等人群是当前扬州生殖健康宣传普及的重点人群。性观念开放、避孕意识和避孕知识的缺乏是导致非意愿妊娠的主要原因。计划生育部门、社区、学校及家庭通力合作是降低未婚青少年人工流产危害的有效途径。

Investigation and analysis of reproductive health among unmarried female adolescents in Yangzhou

Objective To provide scientific reference for purposeful service by investigating the condition of reproduc- tive health among unmarried female adolescents in Yangzhou. Methods Unmarried female adolescents,who were diagnosed with pregnancy and under the requirement of pregnancy termination from September 2012 to June 2013 ,were selected. The combina- tion of overall sampling and random sampling was adopted. Anonymous face to face interview and questionnaire were conducted among the adolescents. A total of 372 copies of effective questionnaire were completed ,and quality control and statistical analysis were applied to the results. Results The population of unmarried induced abortion mainly concentrated on the age from 21 to 24,more than 60% of which was from rural area,and over 50% was floating population. These unmarried adolescents,who had relative weak knowledge of reproductive health ,were with low educational attainment ,large mobility and low income, such as peasant, waitress worker and so on. Most adolescents were open-minded about sex, and they were willing to take measures to pre- vent accidental pregnancy, but with little cognition of risks of accidental pregnancy. The lack of contraceptive consciousness and contraceptive knowledge was the main cause of unwanted pregnancy. Painless induced abortion in public hospital was the first choice for unmarried adolescents with accidental pregnancy in Yangzhou. Conclusion The score of reproductive health knowl- edge among unmarried adolescents with accidental pregnancy in Yangzhou is generally not high. The important groups for repro- ductive health education are the people from rural area and immigrant population with low incomes and poor education back- ground such as peasants ,waiters and workers. Opened sexual concept ,lack of contraceptive consciousness and contraceptive knowledge are the main causes of unwanted pregnancy. One of the effective ways to reduce the harm of unmarried adolescent abor- tion is the extensive cooperation of family planning department, community and family.