Spontaneous resolution of severe fetal ascites in the second trimester: a case report

BACKGROUND: Fetal ascites is an infrequent anomaly. The prognosis for fetal and neonatal survival is poor, especially with the development of ascites before 24 weeks' gestation. The spontaneous remission of severe fetal ascites without intrauterine treatment, especially with an uncomplicated neonatal outcome, is extremely rare. CASE: A woman had sonographically documented fetal ascites at 19 weeks' gestation. The workup for immunologic and nonimmunologic causes was negative. Serial ultrasound examination showed ascites from 19 to 28 weeks' gestation. A complete resolution of the ascites was noted at 33 weeks' gestation. A normal male infant was vaginally delivered at 39 weeks' gestation. CONCLUSION: Spontaneous resolution of fetal ascites, with a good prognosis, can occur in cases with an idiopathic etiology.