广州地区支气管哮喘患者常见吸入变应原调查分析

目的　调查广州地区支气管哮喘发病相关的主要致敏变应原 .方法　对 10 2例支气管哮喘缓解期患者 ,其中儿童 4 8例 ,成人 5 4例 ,用尘螨、霉菌、猫毛等 12种常见吸入变应原进行皮肤点刺试验 ,并测定其中 2 7例总IgE(TIgE)的水平 .结果　儿童组尘螨皮试阳性率最高 (均为 79.2 % ) ,其次是屋尘 (72 .9% ) .成年组尘螨皮试阳性率最高 ,粉尘螨和屋尘螨分别为 5 9.3%、6 2 .9% ,其次为屋尘 (4 0 .7% ) .在动物毛发皮屑中 ,以狗毛为主 ,猫毛次之 ;对于所有变应原 ,儿童组的阳性百分率远远高于成年组 ;2 7例血清总IgE的均值为 5 0 6 .1KU/L ,远高于正常人 ,其中皮试阳性者TIgE水平高于皮试阴性者 (p<0 .0 1) .结论　广州地区主要变应原均为尘螨 ,且哮喘儿童对尘螨过敏的阳性率显著高于成人

The Survey of the Common Inhaled Allergen in the Bronchial Asthmatic Patients in Guangzhou Area of China

Objective To survey the main allergens in Guangzhou relative to bronchial asthma. Methods 102 steady asthmatic patients,48 children and 54 adults were enrolled in the study. The standard allergen extract form ALK-Abello A/S of Denmark and the standard measure method from ALK were used in this study. 12 common inhaled allergens including house dust mites,moulds and cat dander were used in SPT. CAP system from Pharmacia Company was used to determine the total IgE (TIgE) of 27 patients. Results The positive rate of house dust mites in children was highest, that of Der.P and Der. F are all 79.2%. The house dust took second place, and it's 72.9%. The positive rate of house dust mites in adult was also highest, that of Der. P and Der.F were 59.3% and 62.9% respectively. The house dust took second place, and it's 40.7%. For animal dander, the dog dander was the most important allergen, and the cat dander took second place. For all allergens,there was significant difference between the positive rate of children and that of adults. The positive rate of children was far higher than that of adults. The mean value of the total IgE of 27 bronchial asthmatic patients was 506.1 KU/L, which was far higher than the normal people. Among these patients, the total IgE (671.7 KU/L) of the patients with positive SPT was different significantly from the total IgE (112.8KU/L) of the patients with negative SPT (p<0.01). Conclusions The main allergen for children and adults in Guangzhou are house dust mites. And the positive rate of the asthmatic children to house dust mites is higher significantly than that of adults.