放射性皮肤损伤的研究进展

放射性皮肤损伤具有长期性、持久性、潜在性和进行性作用的特征。皮肤损伤与吸收剂量存在明显的量效关系。皮肤损伤机制研究表明，核糖核酸、脱氧核糖核酸、蛋白质等分子受电离辐射作用能产生一系列损伤，这一系列改变构成辐射生物效应的物质基础。辐射造成细胞内DNA的损伤，引起双螺旋结构的复制紊乱和错误；癌基因激活及其产物的高表达，抑癌基因突变产物高表达或缺失，以及端粒酶的改变是造成损伤皮肤癌变的基础。

The research progress of radiation-induced skin injury

Radiation-induced skin injury is often seen and is often a complication of radiation therapy of tumors. It is characterized by poor healing, stubborn relapse, and carcinogenesis. The degree of skin injury is measured by the quantity of absorbed radiation. A few reports were found to describe the changes of many such matters as ribonucleic acid(RNA), deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA) and protein,etc.in radiation injury. These changes constitute a direct material foundation of the biological effect.Radiation destroys the normal structure of DNA,it causes replication disturbance and mistake. It was suggested that the overexpression of c-fos, c-myc, c-erbB-2 and the cancer genes bcl-2 ,the alteration of suppression of cancer gene p53, p16 and Rbs and the overexpression or absence of its products, and an elevation of telomerase activity,be related to the cancer transformation of radiation-induced skin injury.