建设项目职业病危害检测结果不合格项影响因素分析

目的 探讨企业职业病危害检测结果不合格的可能影响因素, 为企业的职业病危害防控提供技术支持。
方法 选取20个省市不同行业的107份建设项目职业病危害控制效果评价报告和现状评价报告作为资料来源, 共采集近2万项指标数据, 对其数据进行logistic回归分析。
结果 多因素logistic回归分析结果显示, 职业病防护措施符合的企业职业病危害因素检测结果合格的可能性是不符合企业的12.01倍(P < 0.05), 职业病危害风险分类一般和较重企业检测结果合格的可能性是职业病危害严重企业的6.28、6.80倍(P < 0.05)。职业卫生管理制度不是企业职业病危害因素检测结果是否合格的影响因素。
结论 企业应该重点加强职业病防护措施的建设, 监管部门应加强对职业病危害风险分类严重的企业的监管力度; 同时要关注未纳入职业病危害风险分类目录的企业和大型企业, 对其监管不能懈怠。

Reason analysis on non-compliance of occupational hazards with OELs in construction project

Objective This paper aimed to investigate the possible factors affecting results of occupational hazard evaluation in construction projects and provide technical support for improvement of the work on prevention and control of occupational hazards in enterprises. Methods Totally 107 evaluation reports on control effectiveness and/or status quo of occupational hazard evaluation in construction projects, originating from different industries in 20 provinces or municipalities were carefully studied. The reason of non-compliance of occupational hazards at workplaces with OELs were analyzed with logistic regression analysis. Results The compliance rate of occupational hazards in the construction projects, in which the facilities against occupational hazards didn't meet the governmental requirements, was lower than that in which the facilities against occupational hazards met the governmental requirements, with the OR value 12.01(P < 0.05). The compliance rate in the enterprises with severe occupational health risk was lower compared with that with mild and/or moderate occupational health risk, and the OR value was 6.28 and 6.8, respectively(P < 0.05). It was also noted that the management work on occupational health was not the affecting factor. Conclusion Enterprises should focus on strengthening the construction of facilities against occupational hazards. The governmental department should strengthen the supervision on enterprises with serious occupational health risk, while more attention should also be paid to the large-scale enterprises or the enterprises with occupational hazards not listed in the official catalogue of occupational hazards.