武汉居民区家栖鼠综合治理的研究

目的探索爱卫框架下城市居民区家栖鼠IPM是否能提高灭鼠成本效果。方法选有代表性的居民区进行对比试验。对照区参加春、秋季灭鼠,其中一般小区由市爱卫会组织PCO公司承包居民区外环境灭鼠。试验区采取要素全面的IPM措施控制家栖鼠,要素包括监测、行动阈值、勘察现场、综合技术措施、记录、沟通及宣传、质量控制和中期评估。结果对照区外环境盗食率灭前为14.5%,灭后为3.6%~17.9%。试验区外环境盗食率灭前为23.8%,灭后为0~12.4%,RPI为0~76.0。对照区室内粉迹阳性率灭前为31.9%,灭后为21.8%~37.0%,平均灭鼠率为7.6%。试验区室内粉迹阳性率灭前为45.5%,灭后为5.1%~36.2%,RPI为12.8~68.7,平均灭鼠率为63.5%。对照区及试验区灭鼠费用为2 100元及19 441元。试验区使每千户鼠密度降低1%的费用为67.6元,低于对照区71.6元。结论一般小区在经费适当提高的前提下适合开展家栖鼠IPM,高档小区不宜参加类似家栖鼠IPM,其灭鼠单另管理。

Study on rodent IPM in urban residential areas of Wuhan

Objective To probe into whether IPM could improves cost effectiveness of rodent control in urban residential areas within the framework of patriotic sanitation campaign. Methods Comparative trials were carried out in representative urban residential areas of Wuhan. In comparison areas,citizen took part in spring and autumn rodent control campaign. While in outdoor common residential areas therein 2 PCOs carried out rodent control organized by Office of Patriotic Health Movement of Wuhan. In experiment areas, all elements including inspection, action threshold, ce, integrated technical measures, records, communication and education, quality control and midstage assessment rodent IPM was carried out. Results Outdoor bait consumption rate was 14. 5% before control and 3.6% - 17.9% after control in comparison areas. While in experiment areas the rate was 23.8% before control and 0 - 12. 4% after control,RPI was 0 - 76. 0. Indoor positive rate of tracking patches was 31.9% before control and 21.8% - 37.0% after control in comparison areas ,the average rodent control rate was 7.6%. While in experi- ment areas, the positive rate was 45.5% before control and 5. 1% -36. 2% after control,in experiment areas the average rodent control rate was 63.5% ,RPI was 12.8 -68.7. The cost of comparison and experiment areas was 2 100 and 19 441 yuan. The expenditure to reduce rodent density by 1% per 1 000 familis was 67.6 and 71.6 yuan in experiment and comparison areas respectively. Conclusion Rodent IPM is adequate for common urban residential areas on the premise of increasing control expenditure to a suitable level. New property management residential areas is not suitable to participate in the similar IPM, its rodent control should be managed in other way.