油田作业区鼠类及其体外寄生蚤的调查研究

目的掌握克拉玛依油田野外作业区鼠类和蚤类的种属组成、密度以及季节消长等,为鼠疫防治工作提供科学依据。方法采用夹夜法对克拉玛依油田野外作业区鼠情进行监测,并将捕获的鼠类装入鼠袋带回实验室捡体外寄生物。结果在调查期间共布放有效板夹7 919夹次,捕获鼠类302只,隶属3科8属11种,鼠密度为3.8%;从捕获鼠体表采集蚤601只,隶属4科9属14种;捕获鼠平均染蚤率为41.4%,总蚤指数为2.4。结论克拉玛依油田野外作业区鼠类密度较高,具有一定的潜在危险;野外工作人员对鼠疫防治知识有待进一步提高;同时,应密切关注油田野外作业区的鼠、蚤变化情况,对早发现与控制鼠疫疫情具有现实的指导意义。

Investigation on rodent and its ectofleas from Karamay oil field

Objective To know species composition,density and seasonal fluctuation of rodents and fleas in field operation area of Karamay oil field and provide scientific basis for plague control and prevention.Methods Night trap method was adopted to investigate rodent situation in field operation area of Karamay oil field,and captured rodents were brought back to laboratory to collect exoparasite on it.Results During investigation,7 919 rat traps were placed,302 rodents were captured,they were identified as 11 species of 8 genus in 3 families,rat density was 3.8%;601 fleas were collected from these rodents,they were 14 species of 9 genus in 4 families;the average fleainfected rate of captured rodents was 41.4%,total flea index was 2.4.Conclusion The field operation area of Karamay oil field has a high rodent density,it takes potentially risk to work in this area,the field operation staff should improve their consciousness of plague prevention and control knowledge;meanwhile,any change of the rodents and flea situation in field operation area should be closely observed,it has directive significance for early detection and control of plague.