江门地区儿童变应性鼻炎变应原临床分析

目的 了解江门地区变应性鼻炎患儿的变应原种类,为儿童变应性鼻炎的防治提供科学依据.方法 应用18种变应原点刺液对332例变应性鼻炎患儿进行皮肤点刺试验.结果 332例变应性鼻炎患儿中,变应原阳性率86.7％,2种或2种以上变应原阳性率56.6％；变应原阳性率前5位的是粉尘螨、蟑螂、海蟹、海虾、狗毛,分别为80.1％、34.6％、24.4％、18.7％、16.6％.随年龄增长,男女变应原阳性率及粉尘螨强阳性率均出现差异.结论 粉尘螨是江门地区变应性鼻炎患儿的首要变应原,明确变应原后对变应性鼻炎的预防及特异性免疫治疗具有重要指导意义.

Analysis of allergens in children with allergic rhinitis in Jiangmen

Objective To analyse the allergens in children with allergic rhinitis in Jiangmen and to provide a scientific basis for its prevention and treatment. Methods Data of 332 cases with allergic rhinitis were collected. These children had been given skin prick tests with 18 kinds of allergens. Results The total positive rate of allergens in allergic rhinitis was 86.7%. The positive rate of two or more allergens was 56.6%. The top 5 allergens were dust mite （80.1%）, cockroach（34.6% ）, sea crab（24.4% ）, prawn（ 18.7% ） and dog hair（ 16.6% ）. The positive rates and grades of dust, mite in boys increased with age. Conclusions The dust mite was the most common allergen in children with allergic rhinitis in Jiangmen. The results may provide a guideline for the prevention and specific immunotherapy of the disease.