Contribution of bronchoalveolar lavage to the management of interstitial lung disease |
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| Authors: | Israel-Biet Dominique Danel Claire |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, 20, rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, Faculté de Médecine Paris-5;2. Service d’Anatomie Pathologique, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, 20, rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, Faculté de Médecine Paris-5;1. Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Sotiria General Hospital, 152 Mesogeion Avenue, Athens, Greece;2. Oncology Unit GPP, Sotiria General Hospital, Athens School of Medicine, 152 Mesogeion Avenue, Athens, Greece;1. Département de médecine interne, CHU de Rouen, 1, rue de Germont, 76031 Rouen cedex, France;2. Service de dermatologie, centre hospitalier du Havre, BP 24, 76083 Le Havre cedex, France;3. Département de dermatologie, CHU de Rouen, 1, rue de Germont, 76031 Rouen cedex, France;4. Service de rhumatologie, centre hospitalier du Havre, BP 24, 76083 Le Havre cedex, France;5. Service d’anatomo-pathologie, hôpital Cochin, université Paris V, AP–HP, 27, rue du Faubourg-Saint-Jacques, 75679 Paris cedex 14, France;6. Service de dermatologie, hôpital Cochin, université Paris V, AP–HP, 27, rue du Faubourg-Saint-Jacques, 75679 Paris cedex 14, France;7. Service de médecine interne, centre national de références pour les vascularites systémiques et la sclérodermie systémique, hôpital Cochin, université Paris V, AP–HP, 27, rue du Faubourg-Saint-Jacques, 75679 Paris cedex 14, France;1. Service de chirurgie thoracique, hôpital militaire Avicenne, BP 40000, Marrakech, Maroc;2. Service de chirurgie vasculaire, hôpital militaire Avicenne, BP 40000, Marrakech, Maroc |
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| Abstract: | Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is a minimally invasive method for exploring the distal lung. It enables collection of free cellular and acellular material present in the alveoli. Over the last two decades BAL has become a fundamental tool for positive diagnosis of interstitial lung disease and even more for differential diagnosis. It has contributed greatly to the diagnosis of lung infections, particularly in immunosuppressed patients. In the context of non-infectious infiltrative disease, the diagnostic contribution of BAL is limited due to the lack of a specific cell profile. It remains a fundamental tool for the differential diagnosis of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia. With BAL, a number of infectious or tumoral diseases can be ruled out with precision. It is also an important element for the evaluation of possible iatrogenic disease. BAL has transformed the diagnosis of interstitial lung disease and considerably reduced the indications for surgical biopsy. |
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