随州市高血压及行为危险因素调查

目的了解随州市高血压流行病学特征、行为和主要危险因素。方法 培训医务人员逐户调查、检查、复查确诊后登记;对高血压患者进行行为因素和健康知识知晓问卷调查。结果调查随州市35岁以上人群10 449人,高血压患病率为14.66%;女性多于男性（P〈0.01）。各年龄组均有发病,随着年龄的高移构成比重加大,至60岁组达高峰后渐降。高血压病人以1级最多,占43.67%;2级次之,占32.57%;3级最少,占23.76%。超重占27.49%;肥胖占4.65%;吸烟占8.87%;饮酒占8.77%,超重、饮酒、吸烟均为男性高于女性（P〈0.01）,肥胖差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。行为因素知晓率为30.54%~80.79%;健康知识知晓率为25.62%~86.70%。结论健康知识知晓和行为及主要危险因素是影响高血压发病的重要原因,也是健康教育的重点;提高发现率、治疗率和控制率,改变民众不良行为和生活方式是降低高血压发病的关键。

Survey on Hypertension and Its Behavior Risk Factors in Suizou

Objective To investigate the epidemic characteristics,behavior and main risk factors of hypertension in Suizhou. Methods Door-to-door survey,medical examination and re-examination were conducted to diagnose hypertension among the surveyed subjects.And then a questionnaire survey on behavior risk factors and health knowledge was performed among the patients with hypertension. Results Totally 10,449 adults aged 35 years in Suizou were surveyed, and the incidence rate of hypertension was 14.66%.The female patients were more than the male patients(P<0.01).Hypertension occurred in each age group.The proportion of hypertension was increased with the increasing of the patients’ age.The incidence rate reached the summit in the age group of 60 years and then declined. Most of the patients suffered from stage I hypertension,accounted for 43.67%,followed by stage II hypertension patients(32.57%) and stage III hypertension patients(23.76%).Overweight patients,obesity patients,smokers,and drinkers accounted for 27.49%,4.65%,8.87%,and 8.77%,respectively.Overweight,drinking,and smoking occurred more often among men than women(P<0.01). No statistically significant difference was found in obesity between men and women(P>0.05).The awareness rate of behavior factors was 30.54%~80.79%.The awareness rate of health knowledge was 25.62%～86.70%. Conclusions Daily behaviors,health knowledge awareness and other key factors are the determinants of onset of hypertension as well as the focus of health education.Elevating discovering rate,controlling rate and curing rate of hypertension and changing people’s unhealthy behaviors and lifestyles are essential to reducing the incidence of hypertension.