蛋白粉急性经口毒性及致突变作用研究

目的检测蛋白粉的急性经口毒性及致突变作用。方法 采用最大耐受量法进行大、小鼠急性经口毒性试验;应用鼠伤寒沙门菌回复突变试验（Ames试验）,小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验,小鼠精子畸形试验进行致突变作用研究。结果受试蛋白粉对雌、雄大小鼠急性经口最大耐受剂量（MTD）大于20.0 g/kg.bw,按急性毒性分级标准属无毒级;给予8-5 000μg/皿剂量受试蛋白粉,Ames试验结果为阴性;雌、雄鼠给予1.25-5.0 g/kg受试蛋白粉,各剂量组的微核率与阴性对照组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,不引起小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞染色体断裂或整条染色体丢失;给予雌、雄鼠1.25-5.0 g/kg受试蛋白粉,各剂量组的精子畸性率与阴性对照组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,未诱发小鼠精子畸形率增高。结论研究结果表明：在本实验条件下,该受试蛋白粉属无毒级,无明显致突变作用。

Study on Acute Oral Toxicity and Mutagenicity of Protein Flour

Objective To determine the acute oral toxicity and mutagenesis of protein flour. Methods The maximum tolerated dose method was used to conduct acute oral toxicity test in rats and mice.The mutagenicity of protein flour was tested by the Ames test,micronucleus assay and mice sperm abnormality test. Results The acute toxicity of protein flour through mouth showed that the maximum tolerance dose(MTD) was >20.0 g/kg·bw for female and male mice and rats,and the protein flour was at the non-toxic level.In Ames tests,the number of revertant colonies of test sample group was no more than the twice of those in solvent control group,the test result represented negative.In mice marrow cell micronuclei test and mice sperm abnormality test,there was no statistically significant difference between test sample group and blank control group(P>0.05).It was found that all of the tests that mentioned above were negative. Conclusions The results suggest that the protein flour belongs to nontoxic grade and has no mutagenic effect in this test.