超声在判断外周神经合缝合后再生状况中的应用

 目的 探讨高频超声（ultrasonography, US）在判断缝合后外周神经再生状况中的作用。 方法 对43例功能恢复不良患者的66条缝合神经进行术前超声检查，观察神经连续性，记录缝合口声像图特征，判断缝合后神经束通过吻合口的状况，与术中肌电图比较，计算超声诊断准确率。结果 缝合后神经功能恢复不良患者的声像图表现归纳成6型。以术中肌电图体感诱发电位(somatosensory evoked potential, SEP)作为判断吻合后神经通路是否建立的金标准，超声漏检1处吻合口，误判6处吻合口，诊断准确率90%。结论 超声可根据声像图对一些类型的吻合口早于肌电图做出诊断，发现导致缝合后神经功能仍然障碍的原因；对外周神经吻合后再生状况作出较准确的判断，为进行二次手术提供有效的帮助。

The effects of pilocarpine on locomotor activities and anxiety-related behavior of zebrafish larvae under different illumination conditions

Objective To investigate the effects of different concentrations of pilocarpine on the spontaneous movement and anxiety-related behaviors of zebrafish juveniles under different light conditions. Methods Different concentrations of pilocarpine were used to treat the 5 days post-fertilization (5dpf) and 7 days post-fertilization (7dpf) zebrafish of AB strains,and their spontaneous and tactile behaviors were observed under continuous illumination and alternating light and dark environment. Results The locomotor activity of 5dpf zebrafish was enhanced under continuous light (except for the groups with a concentration of 0.1 mmol/L and 0.3 mmol/L),while the locomotor activity of 7dpf zebrafish increased with increasing drug concentration (reduced in the 10 mmol/L concentration group).Group 7dpf zebrafish in the concentration of 3 mmol/L and 10 mmol/L had significant increase of thigmotactic behavior.In the light-dark alternating phase,10 mmol/L pilocarpine completely abolished the effect of dark stimulation on the of locomotor activity zebrafish juveniles;its thigmotactic behavior increased with increasing of drug concentration. Conclusions Low-dose pilocarpine inhibited the locomotor activity of 5dpf zebrafish in continuous light;high-dose pilocarpine inhibited the locomotor activity of 7dpf zebrafish and increased its anxiety behavior.At the phase of alternating light and dark,the anxiety behavior of zebrafish juveniles was positively correlated with their age and pilocarpine concentration.