Forensic performance of 30 InDels included in the Investigator DIPplex system in Miao population and comprehensive genetic relationship in China

Binary markers of insertion and deletion (InDel) play an important role in forensic personal identification, parentage testing, and individual ancestry inference. We first genotyped 30 InDels included in the Investigator DIPplex in 403 unrelated healthy Zunyi Miao people and analyzed the genetic polymorphisms, as well as explored the genetic relationship between Miao and 32 Chinese reference populations. No departures from the HWE were observed. The combined power of discrimination and the combined probability of exclusion were 0.99999999998 and 0.9884, respectively. Forensic parameters demonstrated that 30 markers are polymorphic and informative in the Zunyi Miao population and can be used as a tool for forensic personal identification and parentage testing. Allele frequency divergence analysis found that 12 out of 30 displaying high allele frequency difference between Turkic-speaking populations and other Chinese populations can be used as candidates of ancestry informative markers for ancestry inference of sub-population in East Asia. Population genetic parameters in the comprehensive population comparison among 33 Chinese populations indicated that our studied Hmong-Mien-speaking Miao has a close genetic relationship with geographically adjacent Enshi Tujia and genetically differentiate from Turkic-speaking populations.