磁共振成像对鳃裂囊肿的诊断价值

目的:分析鳃裂囊肿的磁共振表现,讨论磁共振成像(MRI)对鳃裂囊肿的诊断价值。方法:顺序收集经手术和病理证实的9例鳃裂囊肿患者的磁共振资料,男性3例,女性6例,年龄23~45岁,平均35.4岁。9例均行磁共振平扫和增强检查,1例行MRA。结果:根据Bailey的分型,本组9例中5例属Ⅰ型,4例属Ⅱ型;鳃裂囊肿常表现为颈外侧部和颌下区无压痛囊性肿块。MRI表现为薄壁、均质的囊性肿块,胸锁乳突肌受压向后外或向后移位,颈动脉间隙大血管向内或向后内移位,颌下腺受压移位。囊肿在T1WI上呈低、等、高信号,T2WI常呈等、高信号;FLAIR呈等、高信号;囊壁强化或不强化,如并发感染,则囊壁及周围软组织强化。结论:MRI对鳃裂囊肿的解剖定位、定性及有无感染的诊断具有重要价值。

Diagnostic Value of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Branchial Cleft Cyst

Objective: To analyze the magnetic resonance imaging signs of branchial cleft cyst and to discuss its diagnostic value. Methods: Magnetic resonance imaging data of 9 cases of branchial cleft cyst which were proven by surgery and pathology were collected in sequence(3 male and 6 female, aged from 23~45, with mean age of 35.4 years). All of the 9 cases were performed plain and enhancement magnetic resonance imaging, and one was performed magnetic resonance angiograph (MRA). Results: There were 5 cases of typeⅠand 4 cases of type Ⅱ according to the Bailey’s type. Branchial cleft cysts usually characterized as painless and fluctuant masses in the lateral part of the neck and inframandibular zone, and showed in the magnetic resonance image as homogeneous cystic masses with thin wall. Sternocleidomastoid was pressed to move toward lateral-posterior or backward. Carotid arteries were pushed inward or inner|posterior and the submaxillary gland was also pushed by the cyst. These cysts were typically hypointense, isointense or hyperintense in T_1-weighed images and isointense or hyperintense in T_2-weighed images and isointense or hyperintense in FLAIR. There was enhancement or no enhancement in the cyst wall. The wall of the cyst and its peripheral soft tissue would be enhanced if accompanied with infection. Conclusion: Magnetic resonance imaging possessed an important value in the anatomic location and qualitative diagnosis and in estimating whether accompanied with infection or not.