新生儿脑水肿136例临床病理分析

根据本院1989年-1993年136例新生儿脑水肿尸解结果进行分析。轻度60例，重度76例。本文认为新生儿的脑水肿诊断线索为：①凡中枢神经系统反应低下，呼吸、循环系统功能障碍者，应怀疑脑水肿，有呼吸困难、肌张力低下、肢体震颤多为重庆脑水肿。②重度窒息并有二氧化碳潴留多为重度脑水肿，无窒息并有低钠血症者多为轻度脑水肿：两者均有不同程度酸中毒，其次为低氧血症和低钙血症。本文认为：治疗脑水肿应以治疗原发病为基础，纠正缺氧及酸中毒为主要环节，及早使用脱水剂、利尿剂、钙通道阻滞剂，控制入量，酌情补纳为重点。

Clinical and pathological analysis of 136 cases of brain edema in newborns

The autopsy results of 136 brain edema in newborns are analysed in this paper. 60 cases are diagnosed mild brain edema, 70 cases are severe. This suggests the diagnoctic ways should be; (1)brain edema is suspected in ones with poor central nerve systens reaction, respiratory and circulatory disorders, and severe brain edema in ones with dyspnea, poor muscular tone and extremety tremor. (2) severe brain edema may mostly occurs in severe asphyxia complicated with carbon dioxide retension , mild brain edema mostly in ones without hostory of asphyxia but With hyponatremia. Both of them suffer from acidosis of different degree,hypoxemia and hypocalcemia. This suggests that the primary diseases should be firstly treated in treatmtent of brain edema. The main way of treatment is to correct hypoxia and acidosis, however the kdy point is dehydranator, diuretics and calcium channel blockers should be used in earlier.Limitation of liquid intake and replacement of natrium properly.