云南农村孕产妇艾滋病、梅毒和乙型肝炎知识知晓情况及影响因素

目的:了解云南农村孕产妇艾滋病、梅毒和乙型肝炎(乙肝)知识知晓情况及其影响因素。方法:在云南省艾滋病高、中流行区各选择两个县,问卷调查农村孕28周至产后6个月671名妇女。结果:农村孕产妇对艾滋病、梅毒和乙肝相关知识知晓率分别为71.9%、66.1%和63.3%,各知识点知晓率均为艾滋病高于梅毒和乙肝(P<0.05),且3个病均以三大主要传播途径知晓率高,而预防母婴传播措施的知晓率较低;免费咨询检测知晓中艾滋病高于梅毒和乙肝(P<0.05)。研究对象的艾滋病、梅毒和乙肝综合知识得分分别为13.00±4.00、12.00±4.00和12.00±5.00,多因素Logistic回归结果显示孕产妇及其丈夫文化程度低、家距离县城远和未参加过乡村级宣传是艾滋病知识知晓的主要影响因素,孕产妇文化程度低和未参加过乡村级宣传活动是梅毒知识知晓的主要影响因素,而乙肝知识知晓的主要影响因素是孕产妇及其丈夫文化程度低。结论:孕产妇对艾滋病的知识知晓率较高,但对梅毒和乙肝知晓率较低。应加强对文化程度低、居住偏远的农村妇女艾滋病、梅毒和乙肝知识的宣教,提高她们知识知晓水平。

Awareness and influencing factors of AIDS, syphilis and hepatitis B-related knowledge among rural pregnant women in Yunnan province

Objective: To understand the awareness and influencing factors of AIDS,syphilis and hepatitis B-related knowledge among rural pregnant women in Yunnan province.Methods: Two counties in high prevalence region and two counties in moderate prevalence region were selected from Yunnan province,a questionnaire was used to investigate 671 women from 28 gestational weeks to 6 months after delivery.Results: The awareness rates of rural pregnant women to ADIS,syphilis and hepatitis B were 71.9%,66.1% and 63.3%,respectively;the awareness rate of rural pregnant women to AIDS was statistically significantly higher than those to syphilis and hepatitis B(P <0.05),the awareness rates of rural pregnant women to three main transmission routes of the three diseases were high,but the awareness rates to preventive measures of maternal-fetal transmission of the three diseases were low;the awareness rate of rural pregnant women to free consultation and detection of AIDS was statistically significantly higher than those of syphilis and hepatitis B(P < 0.05).The scores of comprehensive knowledge of AIDS,syphilis and hepatitis B were(13.00 ± 4.00),(12.00 ± 4.00) and(12.00 ± 5.00),respectively;the results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the educational levels of pregnant women and their husbands were low,the main influencing factors of awareness rate of AIDS knowledge included long distance from county and never participating in publicity of AIDS in towns and villages,low maternal educational level and never participating in publicity of syphilis in towns and villages were main influencing factors of awareness rate of syphilis,while the main influencing factors of awareness rate of hepatitis B were low educational levels of pregnant women and their husbands.Conclusion: The awareness rate of pregnant women to AIDS is relatively high,but the awareness rate to syphilis and hepatitis B are relatively low.The propaganda and education about AIDS,syphilis and hepatitis B-related knowledge among the rural pregnant women with low educational level and living in remote regions should be strengthened to improve their awareness levels.