软性内镜下个性化手术治疗第四脑室流出道梗阻

目的 总结软性神经内镜下个性化手术治疗第四脑室流出道梗阻的指证、方法及效果.方法 对应用软性神经内镜个性化手术治疗第四脑室流出道梗阻32例患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果 单纯第四脑室正中孔造瘘9例,第四脑室正中孔造瘘加第三脑室底造瘘5例,导水管成形加第三脑室底造瘘5例,导水管成形加第四脑室正中孔造瘘2例,单纯第三脑室底造瘘11例.术后脑脊液电影检查显示导水管区脑脊液流动良好26例,枕大孔区第四脑室正中孔脑脊液流动良好10例,第三脑室底瘘口脑脊液流动良好15例,脑脊液电影检查结果不满意但临床症状缓解者2例,术后仍有高颅压表现者5例,其中2例经脑脊液外引流数日后缓解,3例复行脑室-腹腔分流术.所有患者无明显手术并发症出现.结论 软性内镜下可以经额部锁孔导水管入路对第四脑室流出道梗阻进行个性化手术治疗,使部分患者恢复正常脑脊液循环,摆脱分流依赖,但应严格选择手术指证.

Individual flexible endoscopic procedure for treatment of obstruction of fourth ventricle outlet

Objective To summarize the indication, method and effect of individual flexible endoscopic procedure for treatment of obstruction of fourth ventricle outlet. Methods The clinical data of 32 cases of obstruction of fourth ventricle outlet treated by individual flexible endoscopic procedure from July,2006 to June,2010 were analyzed retrospectively. Results Single endoscopic fourth ventriculostomy (EFV)was performed in 9 cases, EFV with endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) in 5 cases, endoscopic aquductoplasty (EAP) with ETV in 5 cases, EAP with EFV in 2 cases, and single ETV in 11 cases. In cine phase -contrast magnetic resonance imaging(cine - MRI), 26 (81.3%) cases showed fine circulation of CSF in aqueduct, 10 (31.3%) fine circulation of CSF in Magendie's foramen and 15 (46.9%) fine circulation of CSF in the orificium fistulae of third ventricle floor. 2 (6. 3% ) cases were symptomatic relief although unsatisfactory result appeared in postoperative cine- MRI. Of 5 ( 15.6% ) cases who still suffered from postoperative intracranial hypertension, 2(6.3%) cases were released by external ventricle drainage for several days, 3 (9. 4% ) cases had to had ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt because the intracranial hypertension could not be released. There was no complication related to operation appeared in all patients. Conclusions The obstruction of fourth ventricle outlet could be treated individually through trans - aqueduct approach via frontal key - hole with flexible neuroendoscope. Regular CSF circulation could be put back with shunt -free in partial patients, but the operative indication should be obeyed strictly.