不同类型及程度弱视患儿的立体视觉现状评价

目的了解不同类型弱视及不同程度弱视儿童的立体视觉损害情况。方法对178例初诊的不同类型弱视儿童,采用颜少明立体视觉检查图对弱视儿童分别检测其近零视差立体视锐度、交叉视差及非交叉视差立体感知度。结果屈光不正性弱视组、屈光参差性弱视组、斜视性弱视组3组之间近零视差、交叉视差、非交叉视差存在率的差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,屈光不正性弱视组轻度弱视和中度弱视之间比较,近零视差及交叉视差的差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论弱视导致儿童立体视觉的发育障碍,且随弱视程度的加重而增加,屈光不正性弱视对立体视觉的影响程度相对较轻,斜视性弱视重,屈光参差性弱视介于二者之间。

The evaluation of stereopsis in different types and degrees of amblyopic children

Objective Amblyopia is common disease in children. It can cause visual suppression that damage binocular vision function especially to the development of stereopsis. The objective of this study was to investigate the stereoscopic vision in children with different types and degrees of amblyopia. Methods This is a clinical retrospective comparative analysis. 178 children with amblyopia from Sichuan Provincial Corps Hospitial CAPF were enrolled in this study. Approximation zero disparity, crossed disparity, uncrossed disparity were examined with Yan' s stereogram. The classification of stereogram based on the criteria of Okuda. The degree of amblyopia was graded based on the corrected vision acuity. Results The differences in the eyes and percentage of approximation zero disparity, crossed disparity, uncrossed disparity among refractive amblyopia group, anisopia amblyopia group and strabismic amblyopia group were statistically significant, respectively(χ~2 =13. 979, P =0. 001; χ~2 = 15. 198, P = 0. 001 ; χ~2 =6. 974, P = 0. 031) . Approximation zero disparity, crossed disparity in mild amblyopia were better than of medium amblyopia in ametropic amblyopic children (P ＜ 0. 05) . No statistically significant difference in the eye number and percentage of uncrossed disparity was found between mild and moderate refractive ametropia (P ＞ 0. 05) . The same outcomes also were seen in approximation zero disparity, crossed disparity, uncrossed disparity between mild and medium anisopia amblyopia (P ＞ 0. 05) . No statistically significant differences in the eye number and percentage of approximation zero disparity, crossed disparity were found between mild and moderate strabismic amblyopia (P ＞0. 05) . Conclusion Amblyopia affects the development of stereoacuity. Amblyopia is aggravated with the increase of amblyopia degrees. The influence of amblyopia on stereoscopic vision is most mild in refractive ametropic and most serious in strabismic amblyopia.