地西他滨联合CAG方案治疗不适合标准方案化疗的急性髓系白血病

目的 研究地西他滨联合CAG方案治疗不适合标准方案化疗的急性髓系白血病(AML)的安全性及有效性.方法 回顾性分析2013年1月至2015年5月就诊的不适合常规方案化疗的20例初诊AML患者的临床资料.所有患者诱导治疗应用地西他滨联合CAG方案,缓解后治疗应用原诱导方案26例次,标准"3+7"方案治疗7例次,中剂量阿糖胞苷3例次,疗程共2~8个周期.结果 20例患者全部完成首次诱导治疗,完全缓解(CR)11例,部分缓解(PR)5例,无效(NR)4例,总有效率(ORR)80.0%(16/20).高危组ORR 69.2%(9/13),中低危组ORR 100.0%(7/7).伴有骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)相关改变的AML患者ORR 60.0%(6/10).诱导过程发生感染8例(40.0%).死亡2例,死因均为肺部感染.平均输注红细胞(9.1±5.7)U,平均输注血小板(57.5±51.9)U.中性粒细胞恢复时间(8.7±5.6)d.所有患者至少随访1年,共死亡12例.3个月、6个月及1年总生存率分别为85.0%、80.0%及40.0%,获得CR的12例患者3个月、6个月及1年无复发生存率分别为75.0%、75.0%及65.6%.结论 地西他滨联合CAG方案耐受性好,诱导缓解率高,可用于不适合标准方案化疗的AML的一线治疗.

Clinical outcome of decitabine combined with CAG regimen for treatment of acute myeloid leukemia ineligible for conventional chemotherapy

Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of decitabine combined with CAG regimen in treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) ineligible for conventional chemotherapy. Methods The data of 20 cases with AML ineligible for conventional chemotherapy from January 2013 to May 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. Decitabine combined with CAG regimen was used during induction therapy. The primary induction regimen was used 26 times after remission, the standard "3+7" regimen were used 7 times, and intermediate-dose cytarabine were used 3 times. The total course of treatment included 2-8 cycles. Results All of the 20 patients completed the first cycle of induction therapy, including 11 cases of complete remission (CR), 5 cases of partial remission and no response in 4 cases, and the overall response rate (ORR) was 80 % (16/20). ORR was 69.2 % (9/13) and 100.0 % (7/7) in high-risk group and middle-low risk group respectively. ORR was 60.0%(6/10) in AML evolving from MDS. 8 patients were infected during the induction therapy and the infection rate was 40.0% (8/20). 2 patients were died of pulmonary infection. The median number of suspended red blood cell and platelet infused were (9.1±5.7) U and (57.5±51.9) U respectively. Neutrophil recovery time was (8.7±5.6) days during induction therapy. All patients were followed up for at least 1 year, and 12 cases were dead. Overall survival rate was 85.0%at 3 months, 80.0%at 6 months, and 40.0%at 1 year. While in 12 CR patients relapse-free survival rate was 75.0%at 3 months, 75.0%at 6 months,and 65.6%at 1 year respectively. Conclusion Decitabine combined with CAG regimen with high remission rate and well tolerance, can be used as a first therapy for AML ineligible for conventional chemotherapy.