急性白血病患者化疗后肠道感染临床分析

目的 分析急性白血病(AL)患者化疗后发生肠道感染的临床特征.方法 回顾性分析2014年1月至2016年4月收治的103例化疗后发生肠道感染AL患者的临床资料,分类变量组间比较采用χ2检验.结果 103例患者共进行364个周期化疗,其中59个化疗周期中发生66例次(18.13%)肠道感染,包括7例次在同一个疗程出现2次肠道感染.未完全缓解(CR)组肠道感染发生率27.48%(36/131),CR组9.87%(23/233),两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).多个化疗周期中重复肠道感染发生率达46.67%.同一化疗周期,对于在化疗期间出现肠道感染的患者,化疗后再次肠道感染发生率为化疗期间未发生肠道感染者的3.7倍.初次诱导化疗的急性淋巴细胞白血病患者肠道感染发生率比急性髓系白血病高(P=0.019).中性粒细胞缺乏合并肠道感染发生率为9.89%(36/364),中性粒细胞计数>0.5×109/L时肠道感染发生率为8.24%(30/364),两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).AL化疗后肠道感染患者部分发生急腹症,死亡率高.结论 AL患者在化疗期间及骨髓抑制期均会出现肠道感染,必须引起重视,减少血流感染及危险因素,及时干预.

Clinical analysis of intestinal infection in patients with acute leukemia after chemotherapy

Objective To analyze the clinical features of intestinal infection in patients with acute leukemia (AL) after chemotherapy. Methods The data of 103 cases of AL patients after chemotherapy from January 2014 to April 2016 were retrospectively analyzed, and categorical variables were compared by using chi-square test. Results A total of 364 cycles of chemotherapy was conducted among 103 patients, of which 66 times (18.13 %) in 59 cycles occurred intestinal infections, including twice intestinal infections in one cycle of chemotherapy in 7 cases. The incidence of intestinal infection was 27.48%(36/131) in group without complete remission (CR), and 9.87%(23/233) in CR group. There was a statistical difference between the two groups (P<0.01). Repeated intestinal infections were found in 46.67%of the patients who accepted multiple cycles of chemotherapy. In the same cycle of chemotherapy, the probability of recurrence of intestinal infection after chemotherapy was 3.7 times than patients without intestinal infection occurred during chemotherapy. The incidence of intestinal infection of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) after primary inducing chemotherapy was higher than that of patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) (P= 0.019). The incidence of intestinal infection combined with neutropenic was 9.89 % (36/364), and the incidence of intestinal infection was 8.24 % (30/364) in neutrophils > 0.5 × 109/L. There was no significant difference (P> 0.05). After chemotherapy, some patients with intestinal infection occurred acute abdomen, with high mortality rate. Conclusions Intestinal infection may occur in the procession of chemotherapy and myelosuppression. Special attention should be paid on intestinal infection, including reduction of blood stream infection and risk factors, as well as timely intervention.