中草药黄酮类化合物防治糖尿病肾病的实验研究进展

糖尿病肾病(diabetic nephropathy,DN)是糖尿病最主要的微血管并发症,也是终末期肾病的首要病因,其发病机制复杂,与多种因素相关。近年来,大量的实验研究表明中草药黄酮类化合物对DN具有较好的防治作用,为了深入了解其防治DN的实验研究进展,本文检索了近10年的文献,从黄酮化合物分类、实验模型、作用及机制等方面进行归纳总结。研究发现,在防治DN方面,研究最多的是总黄酮,有秋葵素、灯盏花素、葛根总黄酮、山楂叶总黄酮、酸枣仁黄酮、香椿叶总黄酮、青刺果黄酮、九里香叶总黄酮、镰形棘豆总黄酮等,其他黄酮类化合物的研究比较少。这些研究主要是动物实验,基本上都采用腹腔注射STZ制备DN大鼠模型或高脂高糖饲养制备DN大鼠模型,观察指标以血糖、血脂、肾功能为主,分子水平、细胞水平的指标比较少。如何在中医药理论体系指导下,结合现代科学技术手段,多途径、多层次和多水平的阐述中草药黄酮类化合物防治DN的药效物质基础、作用机制及构效关系,是开发中草药黄酮类药物亟待解决的关键问题。

Advances in Experimental Study on Flavonoids of Chinese Herbal Medicine for Preventing and Treating Diabetic Nephropathy

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM),which is also a primary causes of end-stage renal disease (ESRD).Its pathogenic factors and pathogenesis is very complicated with various reasons. In recent years, a large number of experimental studies have shown that flavonoids of Chinese herbal medicine have significant effect in preventing and treating DN. To better understand the progress of experiments in the prevention and treatment of DN by flavonoids, the paper searched the literature nearly 10 years, summarized in terms of flavonoids classification, experimental models, the role and mechanism. The study found:in the fight against DN, the most studied is the total flavonoids, there are okra factors, breviscapine, pueraria total flavonoids, fmcl Semen flavonoids, roem leaves, green thorn fruit flavonoids, guri geraniol total flavonoids, oxytropis falcate total flavonoids, but other flavonoids is relatively small. These studies are mainly animal experiments, basically using intraperitoneal injection of STZ models or high-fat and high-carbohydrate feeding rat model to made DN model, observed indicators in blood sugar, cholesterol, kidney function-based, molecular, cellular level indicator less. Through this study, we conclude that:how to develop herbal drug flavonoids medicine is the key issue, which is under the guidance of the theoretical system of Chinese medicine, combined with modern science and technology, multi-channel, multi-level and multi-level elaborate herbal flavonoids DN material basis of prevention efficacy, mechanism of action.