恶性肿瘤与静脉血栓栓塞的研究进展

静脉血栓栓塞（VTE）是恶性肿瘤患者常见并发症,是仅次于肿瘤本身引起患者死亡的第二位原因。血栓有时可作为隐匿性癌的初始表现。血栓形成参与了肿瘤的进展、血管生成和转移等机制。恶性肿瘤患者合并血栓栓塞不仅增加治疗难度,而且降低患者的生存质量并缩短生存时间。抗凝治疗不仅能有效的治疗血栓,而且具有一定的抗肿瘤作用。低分子肝素（LMWH）作为预防和治疗静脉血栓栓塞有效的和安全的首选药物,其优点包括延长生存时间和改善生活质量,减少静脉血栓栓塞的发生率。推荐在院的及接受手术治疗的肿瘤患者预防性使用LMWH。LMWH应作为已确诊的和存在再发可能的VTE的肿瘤患者的一线治疗。

The research progress on malignant tumor and venous thromboembolism

Venous thromboembolism（VTE） is a common complication in patients with malignant disease.Thromboembolism is the second leading cause of death in cancer patients.Thrombus is sometimes the first manifestation of an occult cancer.Malignancies can cause thrombosis by various reasons which are involved in disease progression,angiogenesis and metastasis.The association of cancer with thromboembolism becomes increasingly important because malignant disease concomitant with thromboembolism will not only increase the difficulty of treatment,but also impair patients＇ life quality and their survival.Low-molecular-weight heparin（LMWH） is preferred as an effective and safe method for prophylaxis and treatment of VTE.Anticoagulant therapy is effective in dissolving thrombosis,which also shows some anti-tumor effect.The advantages of LMWH include increased survival and quality of life,decreased incidence of VTE.Prophylaxis VET is recommended in hospitalized cancer patients and patients undergoingmajor surgery.Treatment with LMWH should be considered as the first line therapy for established VTE and to prevent recurrent thrombosis in patients with cancer.