Brain volumes and cognitive function in very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) young adults |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Máxima Medical Centre, De Run 4600, 5504 MB Veldhoven, The Netherlands;2. Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children''s Hospital, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands;3. Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P. Debyelaan 25, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands;4. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children''s Hospital, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, Netherlands;5. TNO Quality of Life, Prevention and Health, Schipholweg 77–89, 2316 ZL Leiden, The Netherlands;6. School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Universiteitssingel 40, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands;7. School of Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Universiteitssingel 40, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands;1. Department of Psychology, General and Experimental Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Leopoldstr. 13, 80802 Munich, Germany;2. Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 2A, 1353 Copenhagen K, Denmark;3. TUM-Neuroimaging Center of Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München TUM, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675 Munich, Germany;4. Department of Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München TUM, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675 Munich, Germany;5. Department of Psychiatry, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München TUM, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675 Munich, Germany;6. Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences GSN, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Biocenter, Großhaderner Strasse 2, 82152 Munich, Germany;7. Department of Developmental Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany;8. Functional Neuroimaging Group, Department of Radiology, University Hospital Bonn, Germany;9. Department of Neonatology, University Hospital Bonn, Germany;10. Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom;11. Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom;1. Children''s Hospital, Helsinki University Central Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland;2. Child Psychiatry, Helsinki and Uusimaa Hospital District, Helsinki, Finland;3. National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland;4. Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland;5. Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland;6. Vasa Central Hospital, Vasa, Finland;7. Unit of General Practice, Helsinki, Finland;8. Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland;1. Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK;2. College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom;3. MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK;4. Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK;5. Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundPreterm born very-low-birth-weight (VLBW: birth weight ≤1500 g) survivors have increased risk of perinatal brain injury that may cause deviant brain development and later neuroimpairments, including reduced cognitive functioning.AimsIn this long-term follow up study of three year-cohorts (birth years 1986–88) of VLBW subjects and term born controls with normal birth weight, the aim was to examine differences in brain volumes at age 20 years. In addition, the relationships between brain volumes and cognitive abilities and perinatal variables were explored.MethodsForty-four VLBW subjects and 60 controls were assessed with cognitive testing (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale – WAIS-III) and structural MRI at 1.5 T, using the FreeSurfer 5.1 software for volumetric analysis. A subpopulation had MRI performed also at age 15, and for this group changes in brain volumes with age were examined.ResultsThe VLBW subjects had smaller brain volumes, especially of thalamus, globus pallidus and parts of the corpus callosum, and larger lateral ventricles than controls at age 20. However, no significant group differences in longitudinal change from age 15 to 20 were observed. The most immature and smallest VLBW subjects at birth, and those with the highest perinatal morbidity, showed most pronounced volume deviations. Positive associations between several brain volumes and full IQ, as well as three of four IQ indices in the VLBW group, were observed.ConclusionReduced volumes of grey and white matter and ventricular dilatation in VLBW young adults may indicate permanent effects on brain development from perinatal brain injury with influence on later cognitive function. |
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| Keywords: | Very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) Cerebral MRI Cognition Brain volumes Young adulthood Preterm birth |
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