社区老年人认知衰弱与自我感知老化的关系研究

目的 调查社区老年人认知衰弱的患病现状及其与自我感知老化的关系。方法 采用方便抽样法选取新乡市60岁及以上的社区老年人为研究对象，使用一般情况调查表、衰弱表型、简版自我感知老化量表、简易精神状态检查量表、患者健康问卷进行调查，采用χ2检验、Kruskal-Wallis H检验以及无序多分类logistic回归分析探究认知衰弱的影响因素。结果 共调查老年人643名，其中认知衰弱20名（3.1%），可逆性认知衰弱96名（14.9%），潜在可逆性认知衰弱99名（15.4%）；不同年龄、性别、婚姻状况、受教育程度、个人月收入、自我感知老化和抑郁得分的老年人，不同认知衰弱表型患病率差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。无序多分类logistic回归分析显示，低龄（OR=0.144）是老年人发生认知衰弱的保护因素，自我感知老化（OR=1.200）是其危险因素；抑郁（OR=1.149）和自我感知老化（OR=1.048）是老年人发生可逆性认知衰弱的危险因素；男性（OR=0.521）和低龄（OR=0.299）是老年人发生潜在可逆性认知衰弱的保护因素，受教育程度低（OR=2.405）、抑郁（OR=1.130）和自我感知老化（OR=1.060）是其危险因素。结论 自我感知老化是老年人认知衰弱的危险因素。自我感知老化有望成为减少或者避免认知衰弱发生发展的干预新靶点。

Association between cognitive frailty and self-perceptions of ageing in community-dwelling elderly

Abstract: Objective To investigate the prevalence of cognitive frailty among community — dwelling elder adults, and to explore the relationship between cognitive frailty and self — perceptions of ageing ( SPA) . Methods Convenience sampling method was used to select the elder adults aged 60 and above in Xinxiang community as the research objects, and the questionnaires were made up of demographic information, frailty phenotype, the brief Self — Perceptions Ageing questionnaire, the Chinese version of Mini — Mental State Examination, and Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Scale — 9. Chi — square test, Kruskal Wallis H test and multinomial logistic regression analysis were used to explore the influencing factors of cognitive frailty. Results Among the total of 643 participants, 2() (3. ) had cognitive frailty, 96 ( 14. 9% ) had reversible cognitive frailty and 99 ( 15.4% ) had potentially reversible cognitive frailty. There was a significant difference in the prevalence of different cognitive frailty types among the elder adults with different age, gender, marital status, educational level, personal monthly income, SPA and depression score (P < O. 01 ) . Multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that lower age ( OR =O. 144) was a protective factor and SPA (OR = l. 2()()) was a risk factor for cognitive frailty. Depression ( OR = l. 149) and SPA ( OR = l. 048) were risk factors for reversible cognitive frailty. Additionally, males ( OR 521) and lower age ( OR =O. 299) were protective factors for potentially reversible cognitive frailty, while lower education ( OR = 2.405) , depression( OR = l. 130) and SPA (OR = l. were the risk factors. Conclusion SPA is a risk factor for three types of cognitive frailty in the elder adults. SPA is expected to become a new intervention target to reduce or avoid the occurrence and development of various types of cognitive frailty.