成都市40岁以上淡水养殖农户骨质疏松现状及相关因素研究

目的 探讨成都市40岁以上淡水养殖农户骨质疏松现状及相关因素。方法 2019年10月—2020年1月，采取便利抽样法在隶属成都市的24个乡镇中选择淡水养殖个体农户为研究对象，采用二元logistic回归分析淡水养殖农户骨质疏松的相关因素。结果 共纳入研究对象620名，骨质疏松检出率为25%，平均T值为（- 1.48±1.15）。logistic回归分析显示，女性（OR = 4.477,95%CI = 2.139～9.371）、BMI＜18.5 kg/m2（OR = 4.619, 95%CI = 1.739～12.269）、吸烟时间≥5年（OR = 4.751, 95%CI = 2.662～8.480）、患有类风湿性关节炎（OR = 70.794，95%CI = 38.515～130.127）、服用激素类药物（OR = 122.376，95%CI = 54.098～276.827）、从事淡水养殖时间≥5年（OR = 1.007，95%CI = 0.673～1.508）、血清维生素D含量低于正常（OR = 5.408，95%CI = 2.889～10.125）、居住地空气湿度≥60%（OR = 4.607，95%CI = 3.254～6.521）是骨质疏松发生的危险因素（P＜0.05）。结论 成都市40岁以上淡水养殖农户骨质疏松患病率较高，建议通过鼓励该类人群规律用药、合理饮食，改善BMI、维持维生素D含量等措施以降低淡水养殖农户骨质疏松发生风险。

Current status and influencing factors of osteoporosis among freshwater farmers aged 40 or above in Chengdu city

Objective To investigate the current situation and influencing factors of osteoporosis in freshwater farmers over 40 years old in Chengdu. Methods From October 2019 to January 2020, convenience sampling method was adopted to select individual freshwater farmers in 24 towns and townships affiliated to Chengdu city as the research objects, and binary logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of osteoporosis among freshwater farmers. Results A total of 620 farmers were included in the study. The detection rate of osteoporosis was 25%, and the mean T value was(-1.48 ±1.15).Logistic regression analysis showed that women(OR=4.477, 95%CI=2.139-9.371), BMI<18.5 kg/m2(OR=4.619, 95%CI=1.739-12.269), smoking duration≥5 years(OR=4.751, 95%CI=2.662-8.480), rheumatoid arthritis(OR=70.794, 95%CI=38.515-130.127), taking hormone drugs(OR=122.376, 95%CI=54.098-276.827), engaged in freshwater aquaculture time≥5 years(OR=1.007, 95%CI=0.673-1.508), serum vitamin D content lower than normal(OR=5.408, 95%CI=2.889-10.125) and air humidity≥60%(OR=4.607, 95%CI=3.254-6.521) were risk factors for osteoporosis(P<0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of osteoporosis among freshwater farmers over 40 years old in Chengdu is high. Measures to reduce the risk of osteoporosis among freshwater farmers by encouraging regular medication and appropriate diet, balancing BMI, and maintaining vitamin D levels in this population are recommended.