2017—2019年广州市PM2.5空气污染所致肺癌疾病负担研究

目的 了解长期居住于广州市的群众由于肺癌而承受的疾病负担，并对归因于PM2.5污染的肺癌疾病负担进行估算。方法 以2017—2019年间当地卫生信息中心发布的相关数据为主要依据，以早死寿命损失年(YLL)为评价时运用的关键指标，来实现估算目的；以当地环保局针对PM2.5开展相关监测后给出的具体数据为主要依据，结合比较危险因素评估理论(CRA)的相关方法，对本次所研究目标群体，估算归因于PM2.5污染的肺癌疾病负担。结果 2017—2019年间，当地群众因为肺癌而需承担疾病负担对应的具体数值分别为50 180YLLs，53 222YLLs，47 881 YLLs，YLL率分别为每千人损失寿命8.7年、8.9年、7.8年；由PM2.5引发的部分对应的具体数值为15 555.8YLLs，15 487.6 YLLs，13 693.97 YLLs，YLL率分别为每千人损失寿命2.7年、2.6年、2.2年。肺癌而导致的早死寿命损失年中，因为PM2.5引发的部分占29.6%。结论 随着空气质量的改善，PM2.5污染对广州市居民整体健康产生的影响相对减小，不过由于其而引发的肺癌，仍旧使当地群众不得不面对较为沉重的疾病负担，应进一步改善。

Study on burden of lung cancer caused by PM2.5 air pollution in Guangzhou from 2017 to 2019

To understand the disease burden of lung cancer among Guangzhou residents from 2017 to 2019, and to estimate the disease burden caused by PM2.5 pollution. Methods Based on the 2017—2019 Guangzhou Health Information Center data, the years of life lost(YLL) was used as the disease burden evaluation index to estimate the disease burden caused by lung cancer in Guangzhou residents from 2017 to 2019. The data were provided by the local environmental protection bureau after PM2.5 monitoring. The method based on comparative risk assessment theory(CRA) was used for estimation of the burden of lung cancer attributable to PM2.5 pollution. Results From 2017 to 2019, the burden of disease caused by lung cancer in Guangzhou residents was 50 180 YLLs, 53 222 YLLs, 47 881 YLLs, and the YLL rates were 8.7 years, 8.9 years, and 7.8 years of life lost per 1 000 people. Among them, PM2.5 pollution was attributed to 15 555.8 YLLs,15 487.6 YLLs, 13 693.97 YLLs, and the YLL rates were 2.7, 2.6, and 2.2 years of life lost per 1 000 people, respectively.About 29.6% of the years of premature death due to lung cancer were caused by PM2.5 pollution. Conclusion With the improvement of air quality, the impact of air pollution caused by PM2.5 on the health of Guangzhou residents has decreased,but the burden of disease caused by lung cancer on Guangzhou residents is still heavy and should be further alleviated.