Effect of Weight Loss on Bone Mineral Density Determined by Ultrasound of Phalanges in Obese Women After Roux-en-y Gastric Bypass: Conflicting Results With Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, São Paulo, Brazil;2. Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, São Paulo, Brazil;1. Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada;2. Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada;1. New Mexico Clinical Research and Osteoporosis Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA;2. Colorado Center for Bone Research, Lakewood, CO, USA;3. Department of General Internal Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA;4. Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada;5. Prohealth Clinical Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver Canada;6. Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada;7. Oregon Osteoporosis Center, Portland, OR, USA;1. College of Kinesiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada;3. Osteoporosis Centre, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada;4. Department of Medical Imaging, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan and Saskatoon Health Region, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada;1. Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada;2. Department of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada;3. Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada;4. Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada;5. Department of Graduate Studies, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada;1. Menzies Research Institute, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia;2. School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia;1. Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany;2. Institute of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Epidemiology, University of Cologne Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany;3. Department of Gynecology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany |
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| Abstract: | The rapid weight loss that occurs in obese patients submitted to Roux-en-y gastric bypass (RYGB) as well as the changes in dietary pattern and the intestinal malabsorption result in changes in bone mineral density (BMD). The objective of the present study was to assess the changes in BMD after the weight loss induced by RYGB using ultrasound of the phalanges and compare the results with those obtained by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). We conducted a 1-yr prospective longitudinal study on women with grade III obesity submitted to RYGB. Anthropometric (weight, height, body mass index, and abdominal circumference) and body composition measurements by electrical bioimpedance, assessment of food consumption by 24-h recall, biochemical evaluation, and assessment of BMD by ultrasonography of the phalanges and DXA (BMD values are from the 33% radius site) were performed during the preoperative period and 3, 6, and 12 mo after surgery. The mixed-effects linear regression model was used to analyze the effect of postoperative time on the variable of interest, and the kappa coefficient (p < 0.05) was used to compare the concordance of the methods used for BMD evaluation. Twenty-nine patients were included in the study. During the 1-yr follow-up, a reduction of 39 ± 8 kg (71 ± 15% of excess weight) and 29 ± 7 kg of fat mass was observed. Calcium and zinc concentrations were reduced after 12 mo. No difference in caffeine, calcium, or sodium consumption was observed between the preoperative and postoperative periods. Analysis of BMD by ultrasonography of the phalanges 1 yr after surgery showed increased values of amplitude-dependent speed of sound (2064.6 ± 59.4 vs 2154.7 ± 63 m/s; p < 0.001) and ultrasound bone profile index (0.73 ± 0.13 vs 0.76 ± 0.14; p < 0.001). Analysis of BMD by DXA showed a reduction of BMD values (0.6 ± 0.04 vs 0.57 ± 0.05 g/cm³; p < 0.001) in the sixth month and maintenance of the values from the sixth to the 12th month. At the end of the study, there was no concordance between the methods for BMD analysis. This study showed improvement in bone quality and quantity assessed by ultrasonography. However, the DXA results showed a reduction in BMD after 12 mo of RYGB. Thus, the BMD measurement methods were discordant. |
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| Keywords: | Bariatric surgery bone mass DXA obesity utrasonography |
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