2020年宁夏新冠疫情期间SARS-CoV-2与常见发热呼吸道病原流行特征比较分析

目的 了解2020年宁夏新冠疫情期间SARS-CoV-2与常见6种发热呼吸道病原的检出情况、流行规律和感染特点，为新冠疫情常态化防控提供理论依据。方法 应用Real time RT-PCR技术对2020年1月20日至2020年2月16日期间宁夏疾病预防控制中心收检的COVID-19筛查样本进行SARS-CoV-2和Flu等常见发热呼吸道病原进行定性检测，并收集各病原阳性患者人口学特征资料。结果 529例COVID-19筛查样本中，SARS-CoV-2阳性检出率为13.23%（70/529）。对COVID-19筛查样本中180份符合条件的FRS病例样本进行6种其他呼吸道病毒病原检测，阳性检出率为12.78%（23/180），其中检出率较高的病原为Flu和HRSV，阳性率分别为5.00%和2.78%。各时间段内SARS-CoV-2阳性检出率存在两个较为明显的峰值，其他呼吸道病毒总阳性检出率稳中有降。SARS-CoV-2阳性检出率男性和女性差异无统计学意义，41~ 60岁组及60岁以上组阳性率较高，分别为25.00%和24.39%，阳性病例在宁夏五市均有分布，银川市最多；其他呼吸道病原男性检出率显著高于女性，41~ 60岁组阳性率最高，其次为0~20岁组，阳性率分别为33.33%和12.20%，阳性主要集中于银川与中卫两市。结论 在常态下防控新冠疫情的背景下，应加强呼吸道传播病原快速筛查体系的建设以达到精准防控传染病的迫切需求。

Comparison and characteristics analysis of SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory pathogens during a COVID-19 epidemic in Ningxia, 2020

Abstract:Objective To investigate the prevalence and infection features of SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory pathogens during a COVID-19 epidemic in Ningxia, 2020. Methods From January 20, 2020 to February 16, 2020, COVID-19 screening samples were collected in Ningxia center for Disease Control and Prevention, SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory pathogens such as influenza were detected qualitatively. Results Among 529 cases of COVID-19 screening samples, SARS-CoV-2 positive rate was 13.23%(70/529). Six other respiratory virus pathogens were detected in 180 FRS cases, and the positive rate was 12.78%(23/180). The pathogens with high positive rate were Flu and HRSV, and the positive rates were 5.00% and 2.78% respectively. There were two peaks in the positive rate of SARS-CoV-2 during different periods, the total positive rate of other respiratory pathogens decreased steadily. There was no significant difference in the positive rate of SARS-CoV-2 between male and female, the positive rates of 41-60 years old group and above 60 years old group were higher, which was 25.00% and 24.39% respectively. The positive cases were distributed in five cities of Ningxia, and Yinchuan has the largest number. The positive rate of other respiratory pathogens in male was significantly higher than that of female, and the positive rate was the highest in the 41-60 years old group, followed by the 0-20 years old group(33.33% and 12.20%, respectively). The positive rate was mainly concentrated in Yinchuan and Zhongwei. Conclusion In the context of normal prevention and control of COVID-19, we should strengthen the construction of a rapid screening system for respiratory transmission pathogens so as to achieve the urgent need of precise prevention and control of infectious diseases.