社区管理精神分裂症患者住院影响因素分析

目的 分析深圳市某区社区管理的精神分裂症患者住院及其影响因素。方法 选取2015年1月1月—2019年12月31日某区社区管理精神分裂症患者，根据2018—2019年住院情况分为病例组和对照组。用χ2检验和多因素logistic回归对住院及其影响因素进行分析。结果 共2 305例患者纳入分析，2018、2019年和两年住院率分别为5.47%、5.25%和8.89%。多因素分析显示，41～65岁（OR = 0.620，95%CI:0.421～0.913），未婚（OR = 1.566，95%CI:1.074～2.283），待业（OR = 1.629，95%CI:1.095～2.425），有医保（OR = 2.029，95%CI:1.460～2.821），有病情不稳定史（OR = 2.984, 95%CI:1.754～5.078），1次及以上住院史（1次:OR = 3.691，95%CI:2.509～5.428；2次及以上:OR = 6.402, 95%CI:3.578～11.452)，补贴取药次数差（OR = 2.395, 95%CI:1.360～4.218）是社区管理精神分裂症患者住院的影响因素。结论 年龄、婚姻、就业、医保、病情不稳定史和住院史、补贴取药可能是社区管理精神分裂症患者住院的影响因素，根据上述特征采取相应的措施可能减少患者住院。

Analysis on influencing factors of hospitalization of schizophrenia patients under community management

To analyze the hospitalization and related factors of schizophrenic patients under community management in a district of Shenzhen. Methods Schizophrenia patients under community management from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2019 were selected and divided into case group and control group according to whether they were hospitalized during 2018 and 2019. Hospitalization ratio and related influencing factors were analyzed with χ2 test and multivariate logistic regression model. Results A total of 2 305 patients were included in the analysis, with hospitalization rates of 5.47%, 5.25%, and 8.89% in 2018, 2019, and both years, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age of 41-65 years(OR=0.620, 95%CI: 0.421-0.913), unmarried(OR=1.566, 95%CI: 1.074-2.283), unemployed(OR=1.629, 95%CI: 1.095-2.425), medical insurance covered(OR=2.029, 95%CI: 1.460-2.821), unstable condition history(OR=2.984, 95%CI: 1.754-5.078), one or more hospitalizations(once: OR=3.691, 95%CI: 2.509-5.428; twice or more: OR=6.402, 95% CI: 3.578-11.452), irregularity of picking up medicine(OR =2.395, 95% CI: 1.360-4.218). Conclusion The characteristics of patients’ age, marriage, employment, medical insurance, unstable condition history, hospitalization history and regularity of picking up subsidy medicine may be the influencing factors of the hospitalization of schizophrenia patients under community management. According to the above characteristics, taking appropriate measures may further reduce the hospitalization rate of patients.