四川农村空巢与非空巢老人住院服务利用现状及影响因素分析

目的 研究四川省农村空巢与非空巢老人住院服务利用现状及影响因素，为降低其住院负担、实现健康老龄化提供科学依据。方法 利用四川省第六次国家卫生服务调查，选取≥60岁的农村空巢老人2 186人和非空巢老人1 028人纳入分析，分析住院服务利用现状，并采用logistic回归进行影响因素分析。结果 空巢老人年住院率为30.0%，非空巢老人年住院率为31.0%，差异无统计学意义(χ2 = 0.027，P = 0.867)。空巢老人住院机构等级低于非空巢老人(Z = 3.867，P＜0.001)，应住院未住院比例高于非空巢老人(χ2 = 5.772，P = 0.016)。多因素分析显示，饮用水类型(空巢: OR = 1.935, 95%CI:1.426～2.626；非空巢:OR = 0.593，95%CI:0.382～0.921)、慢性病个数(空巢: OR = 6.617, 95%CI:4.359～8.723；非空巢:OR = 8.724，95%CI:5.011～15.188)、健康体检(空巢: OR = 1.495, 95%CI:1.198～1.867；非空巢:OR = 1.430，95%CI:1.039～1.967)是空巢与非空巢老人住院服务利用的共同影响因素。家庭人均年收入(OR = 1.976，95%CI:1.391～2.809)、吸烟(OR = 1.584，95%CI:1.209～2.076)是空巢老人住院服务利用的影响因素。结论 四川省农村空巢老人和非空巢老人住院率尚无统计学差异，但住院服务利用的影响因素不尽相同，在制定政策时还应针对性考虑到空巢老人这一特殊群体。

Utilization and influencing factors of hospital service among the empty and non-empty nesters in Sichuan rural areas

To investigate the utilization and influencing factors of hospital services among empty and non-empty nesters in rural areas of Sichuan Province, and to provide scientific basis for reducing hospitalization burden and promoting healthy aging. Methods Baesd on the Sixth National Health Service Survey in Sichuan Province, 2 186 rural empty nesters and 1 028 non-empty nesters over 60 years old were selected. Logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the influencing factors of hospitalization services utilization. Results The annual hospitalization rate of empty nesters was 30.0%, and that of non-empty nesters was 31.0%. No statistical significance was found between these two groups (χ2 =0.027, P=0.867). Empty nesters were hospitalized in lower grade hospitals than non-empty nesters (Z=3.867, P＜0.001) and had higher the pro－ portion of those who should be hospitalized but were not (χ2 =5.772, P=0.016). Multivariate analysis showed that the type of drinking water (empty nesters: OR=1.935, 95%CI: 1.426-2.626; non-empty nesters: OR=0.593, 95%CI: 0.382-0.921), num－ ber of chronic diseases (empty nesters: OR=6.617, 95%CI: 4.359-8.723; non-empty nesters: OR=8.724, 95%CI: 5.011- 15.188) and health examination (empty nesters: OR=1.495, 95%CI: 1.198-1.867; non-empty nesters: OR=1.430, 95%CI: 1.039-1.967) were shared factors influencing the utilization of hospital services for both empty nests and non-empty nests. Annual family income per capita (OR=1.976, 95%CI: 1.391-2.809) and smoking (OR=1.584, 95%CI: 1.209-2.076) were the influencing factors of hospital services utilization for empty nesters. Conclusion There is no statistical difference in the hospitalization rate between the empty-nesters and the non-empty nesters in the rural areas of Sichuan Province. The influencing factors of the utilization of inpatient services are different, so the empty nesters should be considered when making policies.