通络醒脑泡腾片对大鼠慢性脑缺血致学习记忆功能损伤的影响

目的：考察通络醒脑泡腾片对慢性脑缺血致学习记忆障碍模型大鼠学习记忆及海马Na⁺-K⁺-ATP酶表达的影响。 方法：采用双侧颈总动脉结扎法（2-VO）制作SD种大鼠慢性脑缺血致学习记忆障碍模型。将造模成功大鼠50只随机分为模型对照组、甲磺酸双氢麦角碱片组（0.7 mg·kg^-1）、通络醒脑泡腾片高、中、低剂量组（7.56，3.78，1.59 g·kg^-1），另取10只假手术动物作为对照组。10 mL·kg^-1·d^-1连续灌胃90 d。给药第86天进行Morris水迷宫训练，第90天进行学习记忆能力测试；脑组织用10%甲醛固定，常规制片、染色后进行病理形态学观察；采用免疫组化和图像分析技术检测海马区Na⁺-K⁺-ATP酶的表达。 结果：通络醒脑泡腾片各给药组与模型组比较均能显著缩短训练第5天的逃避潜伏期，显著增加第一象限进入次数、经过逃逸平台次数和进入有效区域次数（P<0.05）；病理形态学检测表明，模型组病理积分极显著高于假手术组（P<0.01），中剂量组较模型组病理积分显著降低（P<0.05）。免疫组织化学检测显示模型组Na⁺-K⁺-ATP酶平均吸光度较假手术组显著降低（P<0.05），高、中剂量组的平均吸光度较模型组极显著增高（P<0.01）。 结论：通络醒脑泡腾片具有改善慢性脑缺血所致学习记忆障碍模型大鼠学习记忆能力、减轻海马组织病变，促进海马区Na⁺-K⁺-ATP酶表达的作用。

Effect of Tongluo Xingnao effervescent tablets on learning and memory dysfunction in rats with chronic cerebral ischemia

Objective: To study the effect of Tongluo Xingnao effervescent tablets on learning and memory capacity and expression of Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase in hippocampus of rats with chronic cerebral ischemia-induced learning and memory dysfunction model. Method: The 2-VO method was used to establish SD rat model learning and memory dysfunction induced by chronic cerebral ischemia. The 50 rats in the successfully established model were randomly divided into the model control group, the Dihydroergotoxine Mesylate tablets group (0.7 mg·kg^-1), Tongluo Xingnao effervescent tablets high dose (7.56 g·kg^-1), middle dose (3.78 g·kg^-1) and low dose (1.59 g·kg^-1) groups and the sham operation group (n=10) as the control group. The groups were orally given 10 mL·kg^-1·d^-1 drugs for consecutively 90 days. On the 86^th day, Morris water maze was adopted for them. On the 90^th day, a leaning and memory capacity test was held. The brain tissues were fixed with 10% formaldehyde and observed for pathomorphism after routine slide preparation and staining. The expression of hippocampal Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase was detected with immunohistochemistry and image quantitative analysis. Result: Compared with the model group, all of Tongluo Xingnao effervescent tablets groups showed significant decrease in the escape latency at the 5^th day in the Morris water maze, and notable increase in the frequency of the first quadrant dwell, the frequency passing the escape platform and the frequency entering effective area (P<0.05). According to the pathomorphological detection, the control group showed a significantly higher pathological score than the sham operation group (P<0.01), the middle dose group showed a significantly lower pathological score than the model group (P<0.05). According to the immunohistochemistical detection, the model control group showed a remarkably lower mean OD value of Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase than the sham operation group (P<0.05), high and middle dose groups showed a significantly higher mean OD value than the model control group (P<0.01). Conclusion: Tongluo Xingnao effervescent tablets can improve the learning and memory capacity, reduce pathological changes of hippocampal tissues of rats with chronic cerebral ischemia-induced learning and memory dysfunction model, and promote the expression of Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase in hippocampus.