联合氨甲环酸和肾上腺素对全膝关节置换术失血的研究

目的评价联合使用氨甲环酸(TXA)和稀释的肾上腺素(DEP)对初次全膝关节置换术(TKA)围术期失血量等指标的影响及其安全性。 方法检索电子数据库包括PubMed，荷兰医学文摘数据库(EMBASE)，Cochrane对照研究注册中心，Web of Science，万方数据库和中国知网，根据纳入排除标准，包括初次TKA患者的随机对照研究，干预措施实验组为TXA＋DEP，对照组为TXA。采用RevMan 5.2软件进行Meta分析。 结果经过全面严格筛选，共纳入高质量随机对照研究6篇。Meta分析结果显示，使用TXA＋DEP可以减少病人平均总失血量MD ＝－184.32，95%CI(－251.11，－117.52), P<0.01]；平均减少隐性失血量MD ＝－150.89，95%CI(－179.83，－121.95), P<0.00001]；平均减少引流量MD ＝－63.16，95%CI(－116.29，－10.02), P＝0.02]。联合TXA＋DEP可以显著降低输血率RR ＝0.51, 95%CI(0.28，0.93), P＝0. 03]；两组间深静脉血栓发生率差异无统计学意义(P＝1.00)。 结论联合TXA＋DEP能有效减少初次TKA的失血量和降低输血率，并不增加术后DVT的发生率。

Combined tranexamic acid and diluted epinephrine reduces blood loss following primary total knee arthroplasty

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect and safety of combination of tranexamic acid (TXA) and diluted-epinephrine (DEP) on blood loss during the primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA). MethodsThe electronic databases of PubMed, Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, Wanfang and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were searched. TXA+ DEP were initially searched of the high-quality randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in TKA by the inclusion criteria, the intervention measures were as follows: the experimental group was TXA DEP, the control group was TXA. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.2 software. ResultsA total of six RCTs were included. The results of meta analysis showed that using TXA+ DEP could reduce the average total blood loss MD =-184.32, 95%CI(-251.11, -117.52), P<0.01], reduce the average amount of hidden blood loss MD =-150.89, 95%CI(-179.83, -121.95), P<0.00001], and reduce the average amount of drainage MD =-63.16, 95%CI(-116.29, -10.02), P=0.02]. The combination application of TXA+ DEP could significantly reduce the blood transfusion rate RR =0.51, 95%CI(0.28, 0.93), P=0. 03]. There was no significant difference in the incidence of DVT between the two groups (P=1.00). ConclusionCombination application of TXA+ DEP can effectively reduce the blood loss and transfusion rate in primary TKA, without increasing the incidence of DVT.