深圳塑胶制造业职业伤害现况调查

目的了解深圳市塑胶制造业职业伤害发生的特点和规律，为有效控制职业伤害的发生提供科学依据。方法随机抽取4家塑胶制造工厂中的工人进行问卷调查，分析职业伤害发生特征。结果4间塑胶制造业工厂。职业伤害年发生率为7．5％。职业伤害发生的时间多集中于上午9～10点和下午5～6点；随着工龄和技术等级的增加，职业伤害的发生率随之下降。职业伤害的发生与作业工人的性格、情绪有关；与老板是否提供安全防护设备有关。导致伤害发生的原因主要以热，火烫（30．2％）、物体打击（14．1％）、跌倒，跌落（10．7％），机器伤害（3．4％）为主，伤害部位主要为手指，脚趾（65．8％）。结论职业伤害已成为重要的公共卫生问题，开展职业伤害的预防和控制工作已刻不容缓。

Survey of occupational harmfulness in plastics and rubber indutries in Shenzhen City

Objective To understand the characteristics of occupational injuries in plastics and rubber manufacturing enterprises in Shenzhen. Methods The 4 plastics and rubber manufacturing factories were randomly chosen and occupational injuries was surveyed by questionnaires survey. Results The morbidity rate of occupational injuries was 7.5% in 4 plastics and rubber manufacturing factories. Most injures concentrated at 9：00-10：00 AM and 5：00-6：00 PM. With the increasing of working years and enhancement of technical levels of the workers ,the incidence of occupational injuries decreased. Occupation injury occurrence was related with worker＇s disposition, mood and the conditions of security protection equipment. The top 4 injuries were heat or fire scald （30.2%）,object blow injury （t4.1%）,tumbles/drops （10.7%）,and machine injury （3.4%）.The finger or the toe were the major body part injured （65.8%）. Conclusion The occupational injuries became an important public health problem,so it is urgent to develop the injury prevention and control program.