Cortical activity of skilled performance in a complex sports related motor task |
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Authors: | Jochen Baumeister Kirsten Reinecke Heinz Liesen Michael Weiss |
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Institution: | (1) Department Exercise and Health, University of Paderborn Institute of Sport Medicine, Warburger Str. 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany |
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Abstract: | A skilled player in goal-directed sports performance has the ability to process internal and external information in an effective
manner and decide which pieces of information are important and which are irrelevant. Focused attention and somatosensory
information processing play a crucial role in this process. Electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings are able to demonstrate
cortical changes in conjunction with this concept and were examined during a golf putting performance in an expert-novice
paradigm. The success in putting (score) and performance-related cortical activity were recorded with an EEG during a 5 ×
4 min putting series. Subjects were asked to putt balls for four min at their own pace. The EEG data was divided into different
frequencies: Theta (4.75–6.75 Hz), Alpha-1 (7–9.5 Hz), Alpha-2 (9.75–12.5 Hz) and Beta-1 (12.75–18.5 Hz) and performance related
power values were calculated. Statistical analysis shows significant better performance in the expert golfers (P < 0.001). This was associated with higher fronto-midline Theta power (P < 0.05) and higher parietal Alpha-2 power values (P < 0.05) compared to the novices in golf putting. Frontal Theta and parietal Alpha-2 spectral power in the ongoing EEG demonstrate
differences due to skill level. Furthermore the findings suggest that with increasing skill level, golfers have developed
task solving strategies including focussed attention and an economy in parietal sensory information processing which lead
to more successful performance. In a theoretical framework both cortical parameters may play a role in the concept of the
working memory. |
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Keywords: | EEG Skill level Working memory Attention Information processing Golf |
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