母体乙肝病毒感染与新生儿黄疸关系的临床研究

目的探讨母体乙肝病毒感染与不同类型新生儿黄疸的关系。方法385例病理性黄疸新生儿患者根据母体乙型肝炎抗原阳性与否分为肝炎组与非肝炎组，比较两组患儿溶血性黄疸与G-6PD缺乏症黄疸比例，并比较不同黄疸类型情况下，两组患儿胆红素水平差异。结果（1）母体乙型肝炎抗原阳性者52例，乙型肝炎抗原阴性者333例。肝炎组与非肝炎组乙型新生儿溶血病，G6PD缺乏症以及其他原因导致溶血发生率分布情况差异有统计学意义（Y0：385．000，P〈0．001）。乙型肝炎抗原阳性组G6PD缺乏症阳性率为34．6％，乙型肝炎抗原阴性组G6PD缺乏症阳性率为22．5％。两组患儿新生儿溶血病阳性率差异相对比较小，分别为50．5％与42．3％。（2）G6PD缺乏症患儿中，母体乙型肝炎抗原阳性组最高总胆红素水平与乙型肝炎抗原阴性组差异有统计学意义（t=4．672，P〈0、01）。非G6PD缺乏症溶血，如新生儿溶血病与其他类型黄疸，母体乙型肝炎抗原阳性患儿组最高总胆红素水平与乙型肝炎抗原阴性组无显著差异（P〉0．05）。结论新生儿黄疸中，母体乙型肝炎抗原阳性者新生儿G-6PD缺乏症发生率高，并与G-6PD缺乏症病情有关。

Clinical study on the relationship between hepatitis B virus infection in the mothers and jaudice in the newborns

Objective To investigate the relationship between hepatitis B virus infection in the motheres and jaudice in the newborns. Methods There 385 newborn infants with neonatal jaundice were divided into hepatitis and non- hepatitis groups bases on results whether the mothers were positive for hepatitis B antigen or not. Then the incidence of glucose - 6 - phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency （G6PD） and heamolytic anemia of the newborn, or the total bilirubin level of different type of neonatal jaundice were compared. Results （1） There significant differences were observed in the incidence of neonatal hemolytical anemia and G6PD between hepatitis B group and non - hepatitis B group （χ^2 = 385.00, P 〈 0.01）. The positive rate of G6PD in hepatitis B group was 34.6% and that of non - hepatitis B group was 22.5%. The incidence of G6PD in the newborn infants with neonatal jaundice whose mother were positive for hepatitis B antigen were higher than that of those whose mother were negative for hepatitis B antigen. The levels of total bilirubin in the newborns with G6PD whose mother were positive for hepatitis B antigen were higher than that of those whose mothers were negative for hepatitis B antigen. The levels of total bilirubin in the hemolytic disease newborns whose mother were positive for hepatitis B antigen were similar to that of those whose mothers were negative for hepatitis B antigen, Conclusion The incidence of G6PD mother was high in the jaundice newborns whose mothers were positive for hepatitis B antigen and it is associated with G6PD in the newborn infants with neonatal jaundice.