葡萄球菌医院感染及其耐药性

目的通过院内患者葡萄球菌感染及耐药状况调查分析,为临床治疗提供依据。方法按《全国临床检验操作规程》培养分离菌种,用法国生物梅里埃公司VITEK-60 System全自动细菌分析仪鉴定菌种及K-B单片琼脂扩散法做药敏试验。结果门诊患者626例分离出葡萄球菌159株,其中耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌(MRS)占46.1%,以生殖道感染为主;住院患者3 236例分离葡萄球菌390株,其中MRS占81.7%,以呼吸道感染为主;甲氧西林敏感葡萄球菌(MSS)对青霉素的耐药率较高,而万古霉素和替卡拉宁则对MRS显示较强的抗菌活性。结论从感染部位显示,门诊患者以生殖道为主,住院患者以呼吸道为主,预防和控制MRS传播应成为医院感染的重要课题;从药敏试验结果显示,万古霉素是MRS感染的最佳抗菌药物,其次是替考拉宁,对MRS感染联合用药是必要的。

Staphylococcus Resistance in Nosocomial Infection: An Analysis

OBJECTIVE To study the staphylococcus infection and the drug resistance among the outpetients and the inpatients, and to provide information for the clinical treatment.METHODS To cultivate and isolate bacteria according to the Clinical Laboratory Operation Regulation.Bacteria were identified with the automated analyzer VITEK-60.made by Bio-Merieux Company in France.The drug susceptibility was one with the method of single split agar diffusion.RESULTS Totally 159 strains of Staphylococcus were isolated from the outpatients,(46.1%) of which were MRSA.Most of the infection were caused through genital tract;390 strains of(Staphylococcus) were(isolated) from the inpatients,87.1% of which were MRSA.Most of the infection were caused through respiratory tract.Most of MSSA resisted to penicillin,but MRSA were sensitive to vancomycin and(teicoplanin.) (CONCLUSIONS) Preventing the spread of the MRSA is very important to the control of the nosocomial(infection).As far as the infective situation,most of the outpatients are infected through genital tract;while most of the inpatients are infected through respiratory tract.As far as the drug susceptibility,vancomycin is the best antibiotics,the next is teicoplanin.It is necessary to use combined drugs for the MRSA infection.