冷冻保存同种异体骨-ACL-骨移植后止点转归研究

目的：比较自体骨-前交叉韧带(ACL)-骨移植和冷冻保存同种异体骨-ACL-骨移植重建ACL后，韧带止点的组织学和生物力学转归。方法：将日本大耳兔和新斯兰兔各60只随机分成自体骨-ACL-骨移植组和二步令冻保存同种异体骨-ACL-骨移植组。术中及术后均不使用免疫抑制剂。术后4、8、12周分别切取ACL作大体、俎织学观察和生物力学测试。结果：自体骨-ACL-骨移植组和冷冻保存骨-ACL-骨移植组在4周时止点处组织学上已有纤维组织与骨相连，但未见“潮线”形成，而在12周时两组均有潮线形成；4周拉伸时，止点处断裂分别为60％、66．7％，而8周分别为13．3％、13．3％，12周时则分别为6．7％、6．7％。结论：两组在止点处有相似的生物力学性能和组织学愈合过程。

Biomechanics and Histology of the Fate of Autograft Versus Allograft in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

Objective:To compare the histological and biomechanical results of the anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with bone-ACL-bone autograft and cryopreserved bone-ACL-bone allograft.Methods:Sixty New Zealand rabbits and sixty Japanese rabbits were randomly divided into autograft group and two-step cryopreserved ACL allograft group.Immunosuppressants were not used after transplantation.The biomechanics. histology and morphology of the transplanted ACL were examined in the 4th,8th,and 12th week after transplantation.Results:In the 4th week postoperatively,the fibrous tissue was present in the interspace of the graft and the bone tunnel of both grafts and discontinuous tidemark was not formed;but in the 12th week,discontinuous tidemark was demonstrated in both grafts.The ligament-cartilage insertion of the autografted and allografted ACL was torn in 60% and 66.7% in the 4the week,13.3%,13.3% in the 8th week and 6.7%,6.7% in the 12th week,respectively.Conclusion:Two-step cryopreserved bone-ACL-bone allograft is similar to bone-ACL-bone autograft in the biomechanics and histology of ligament-cartilage insertion.