四所综合医院自杀未遂者自杀意念调查

目的了解沈阳市综合医院急诊室自杀未遂者自杀意念的发生率以及自杀意念的风险因素。方法采用自伤情况问卷、贝克自杀意念量表和美国精神障碍与统计手册第4版病人版(DSM-Ⅳ)轴Ⅰ障碍临床定式检查为调查和诊断工具,对在沈阳市4所三级综合医院急诊室同一时段内诊治的自杀未遂者进行调查,并通过对239例完整的调查资料进行Logistic分析筛查出自杀意念的危险因素。结果自杀意念终生发生率是69.46%(95%CI:60.25%～79.25%),多因素分析显示自杀意念的最重要危险因素为近1周有绝望感(OR=2.88)、有现患精神障碍(OR=2.78)、为解脱痛苦(OR=2.29)。结论综合医院急诊室自杀未遂者有较高的自杀意念发生率,应及时对其识别并评估他们仍存在的自杀意念风险因素,同时需要对他们采取针对性干预措施以防止其再次发生自杀行为。

Survey on Suicidal Ideation among Suicide Attempters of Four General Hospitals

Objective To have an understanding of the prevalence and risk factors for suicidal ideation among suicide attempters at critical emergency units of general hospitals in Shenyang. Methods Suicide attempters of emergency department of 4 tertiary general hospitals in Shenyang during the same period were interviewed,among them 239 cases with intact data were assessed by using self-injury questionnaires and the Beck Scale for suicide ideation and diagnosed by a structured psychiatric examination based on DSM-Ⅳ criteria. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors for suicidal ideation. Results The lifetime prevalence of suicidal ideation was 69.46%（95%CI：60.25%-79.25%）. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that the most important risk factors for suicidal ideation were having hopelessness feeling in the last week （OR=2.88）,having current psychiatric disorders （OR=2.78） and releasing themselves from their suffering（OR=2.29）. Conclusion The prevalence of suicidal ideation among suicide attempters at critical emergency units of general hospitals is higher than expected and still existing risk factors for their suicidal ideation should be identified and assessed. At the same time targeted interventions need to be taken to prevent the recurrence of their suicidal behaviors.