烟雾示踪剂在显示鼻腔呼气相气流变化中的研究

目的 研究鼻腔呼气相气流曲线及不同解剖部位气流的变化。方法 对10例鼻内镜检查鼻腔黏膜及结构正常的吸烟志愿者，采用吸烟的方式将电子烟的烟雾吸入，储存于口咽及以下气道内，以1、1.5、2s一个呼气周期均匀呼气，观察鼻腔气流变化。 结果 咽部气流在鼻咽顶部气流由垂直直线上升变为曲线前移，大部分以层流方式进入总鼻道，少量气体由下鼻甲后端进入下鼻道以湍流方式运动，极少量气体以层流的方式进入嗅裂及中鼻道, 鼻阈以湍流为主。 结论 鼻咽顶与鼻腔交界的坎阻挡气流导致呼出气流改变运动方向，使气流压低主要经总鼻道底部流出，极少经上鼻道流出，下鼻道气流以湍流为主。呼出气流对中鼻道及嗅裂影响较小。

Variation of nasal cavity airflow on the expiratory phase by a smoke tracer agent

Objective To study the variation of airflow curves in the nasal cavity and airflow in different anatomical regions. Methods Ten volunteers with normal nasal mucosa were selected by a nasal endoscope examination. Electronic smog was breathed by volunteers through smoking, and kept in the oral pharynx and lower air passage. The normal airflow variation was observed when respirations were conducted for 1 second, 1.5 seconds and 2 seconds. Results Upward and laminar airflow passed through the roof of the nasopharynx, most of which curved to the common meatus, and a small amount rushed at the middle turbinate and flowed in the middle meatus and the olfactory sulcus, but only a tiny minority rushed into the inferior meatus from the back and moved in a turbulent flow. The majority of the airflow was turbulent when passing limen nasi. Conclusion Direction is changed when airflow passes a bank between the roof of nasopharynx and posterior naris, most of which runs in the common meatus base, with very little in the superior meatus. The majority airflow in the inferior meatus is turbulent. Expiratory airflow has little effect on the mucous membrane of the middle meatus and olfactory sulcus.