以趾背动脉为血供的趾背皮瓣应用解剖

目的为以趾背动脉为血供的趾背皮瓣的设计提供解剖基础。方法对9例(18侧)红色乳胶灌注及1例(2侧)墨汁灌注的成人足标本进行显微解剖,观测趾背动脉走行及其营养皮瓣的血供范围。结果 趾背动脉起始于第1跖背动脉,血管外径(0.9±0.2)mm,沿途发出4~8条细小分支营养邻近皮肤。当趾腓侧趾底动脉从第1趾底动脉发出时,趾背动脉粗大;当趾腓侧趾底动脉从第1跖背动脉发出时,趾背动脉较细,但直径仍大于0.5 mm。结论 趾背动脉起始、走行恒定,外径较粗,有较多皮肤穿支和恒定血供范围,以趾背动脉为供血动脉,可设计趾腓侧趾背皮瓣或趾甲皮瓣。

Applied anatomy of minimum skin flap supplied with the dorsal artery of great toe

Objective　 To investigate anatomic basis of minimum skin flap supplied with the dorsal artery of great toe.　Methods　20 sides of adult foot specimen, including 18 sides perfused with red emulsion and 2 sides with Chinese ink, were dissected for observing the courses and distribution of dorsal artery of great toe.　Results　The dorsal artery of great toe originated from the first dorsal metatarsal artery, with 4 to 7 cutaneous branches, and the diameter of (0.9±0.2)mm. The diameter of the dorsal artery of great toe originated from the first dorsal metatarsal artery was more wide than that of from the first plantar metatarsal artery, despite that the diameter of the latter was always exceeded about 0.5mm.　Conclusions　The dorsal artery of great toe is a favorable choice for being taken as nutrient artery of fibular, dorsal skin flaps or great toe skin-nail flaps, for its stable course and distribution.