住院输血前血源性感染疾病的检测意义

目的：了解和掌握输血前者血源性感染的感染状况。方法采用酶联免疫吸附（ELISA ）法对254854例患者进行乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原（HBsAg）、丙型肝炎病毒抗体（抗-HCV）、梅毒抗体（抗-TP）、艾滋病病毒抗体（抗-HIV）检测；并对四种标志物阳性患者不同性别、年龄作统计分析，浅析其流行趋势状况。结果患者中 HB-sAg、抗-HCV、抗-T P、抗-HIV的阳性率分别为11．20％、0．53％、2．34％、0．17％；对28540例 HBsAg、5955例抗-TP 、1355例抗-HCV阳性、436例HIV初筛阳性患者按性别进行分组比较，HBsAg和抗-TP差异无统计学意义，抗-HCV和抗-HIV按年龄进行分组比较，则差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论（1）HBsAg、抗-HCV、抗-TP阳性患者数与年龄有显著相关性，不同年龄阶段对相关疾病的认识有很大差别。（2）人群对H IV普遍易感，自我保护意识不够，患者人数呈快速上升态势。（3）对上述多种血清标志物进行检测，有利于医患双方采取有效的防治措施，避免医疗纠纷的发生。

Significance of detection of hematogenous infection diseases before blood transfusion

Objective To investigate the positive rates of kinds of infected markers of patients before transfusion .Methods HBsAg ,anti-HCV ,anti-TP and anti-HIV were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） .At the same time ,the four kinds of positive markers were analysed statistically in age and sex ,as to analyse the epidemic trend .Results The positive rates of HBsAg ,anti-HCV ,anti-TP and anti-HIV were 11 .20% ,0 .53% , 2 .34% and 0 .17% respectively .28 540 cases with postive HBsAg ,1 355 cases with postive HCV and 5955 cases with postive TP were compared at age and sex 436 cases withHIV postive HBsAg and TP were not significantly different in sex（P〉0 .05） ,the rest was much significant difference（P〈0 .01） in both age and sex .Conclusion （1）The positive rates with HBsAg ,anti-HCV and anti-TP have significant correlation with age ,and there is a great difference in different age stages of knowledge of disease .（2）People are generally susceptible to HIV and lack of self-protection consciousness ,the prevalence shows a rapid rising trend .（3）Detecting the serum markers of patients before transfu-sion is helpful for doctors and patients to prevent and cure the diseases .And it can avoid medical dispute .