基于遗忘曲线理论的护理干预对原发性肝癌患者疾病相关知识水平和自我管理能力的影响

目的观察基于遗忘曲线理论的护理干预对原发性肝癌患者疾病相关知识掌握水平和自我管理能力的影响。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2017年1月—2019年1月首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院收治的原发性肝癌患者159例,采用抓阄法将研究对象分为对照组75例和试验组84例。对照组患者在干预期间接受由责任护士进行的常规护理干预,试验组则基于遗忘曲线,将干预时间确定为住院后第1、2、4、7、15天,按时间进行不同内容的护理干预。分别于干预前、干预后30 d及干预后3个月采用原发性肝癌相关知识问卷和自我管理调查表评估两组患者的相关知识掌握水平和自我管理能力。结果两组患者干预前原发性肝癌相关知识问卷评分比较,差异无统计学意义(t=0.496,P>0.05);试验组患者干预30 d后和干预3个月后原发性肝癌相关知识问卷评分高于对照组患者同时间评分,差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为-8.366、-6.201;P<0.01)。两组患者干预前自我管理水平调查表评分比较,差异无统计学意义(t=0.279,P>0.05);试验组患者干预30 d后和干预3个月后自我管理水平调查表评分高于对照组患者同时间评分,差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为-6.203、-9.278;P<0.01)。结论基于遗忘曲线理论的护理干预,可以提高原发性肝癌患者相关知识的掌握水平和自我效能,更有助于患者对健康知识保持长久的记忆。

Effects of nursing intervention based on forgetting curve theory on disease knowledge and selfmanagement ability in primary liver cancer patients

Objective To explore the effects of nursing intervention based on forgetting curve theory on disease knowledge and self-management ability in primary liver cancer patients.Methods From January 2017 to January 2019,we selected 159 primary liver cancer patients at Beijing Friendship Hospital of Capital Medical University by convenience sampling.All patients were divided into control group(n=75)and experimental group(n=84)with the method of digital grasping.Patients of control group received routine nursing by responsible nurses.Experimental group carried out forgetting curve-based nursing according to different intervention time,1,2,4,7 and 15 days after being admitted.Knowledge and self-management ability of patients between two groups was evaluated with the Primary Liver Cancer Knowledge Questionnaire and the Self-Management Scale before,30 days and 3 months after intervention.Results Before intervention,there was no statistical difference in the score of the primary liver cancer knowledge questionnaire of patients between two groups(t=0.496,P>0.05).A total of 30 days and 3 months after intervention,the scores of the Primary Liver Cancer Knowledge Questionnaire of patients in experimental group were higher than those in control group with statistical differences(t=-8.366,-6.201;P<0.01).Before intervention,there was no statistical difference in the score of the SelfManagement Scale of patients between two groups(t=0.279,P>0.05).A total of 30 days and 3 months after intervention,the scores of the Self-Management Scale of patients in experimental group were higher than those in control group with statistical differences(t=-6.203,-9.278;P<0.01).Conclusions Nursing intervention based on forgetting curve theory can improve the disease knowledge and self-efficacy of primary liver cancer patients which is conducive to patients'long-term memory of health knowledge.